Carbohydrates

Hydrogen

Carbon

Oxygen

General Formula

(CH2O)n

3-9

Spilling up of a dissacride to form two monosaccarides

Hydrolysis

Reducing Sugars

ALL monosaccarides and some dissacrides

Benedicts Test

Equal volumes + Heat

Postive Indication

Orange Brown Colour

Non Reducing Sugars

Sugars that test negavtive with Benedicts

HCL and Solution + Heat

Hydrolyse Suagr

Neautralise with NaOH

Carry out Benedicts Test

Substrate for respiration

Energy Stores

Strucutral Support

Transport

Subtopic

Monosaccarides

Disaccarides

Polysaccarides

Formed when two monosaccarides join

Through condensation

One monosaccaride loses H and other loses OH

Water molecule is removed

Forms a glycosidic bond

Examples

Sucrose

Glucose and Fructose

Maltose

Glucose and Glucose

Lactose

Glucose and Galactose

Starch

Used for storage

Insoluble

Made of 2 polymers

Amylose

Amylopectin

Glycogen

Storage in animals

Fast Hydrolysis

Lots of short branches

Cellulose

Strucutal Costituent

Cell Wall

Adjacent chains of unbranched polymers