Thinking and Language

Primacy of language or thought

Modularity of language

Language universals

Limits of language

Thinking

Perception

Cognition

Mental operations

Shape manipulation

Pattern recognition

Logical inferencing

...

Categorization

Prototypes

Basic-level categories

Framing

Schemas

Scripts

Conceptual Integration

Mental spaces

Blending

Metaphoric and analogic reasoning

Local

Global

Constitutive

Generative

Metaphorical inferencing

Complex cognitive operations

Reading

Instructional approaches

Whole word

Phonics

Functional literacy

Comprehension

Reasoning

...

Affective factors

Emotion

Motivation

Modality

Language

Structure

Levels of description

Phonology

Privative oppositions

Morphology

Lexicon

Syntax

Text/Discourse

Rules

Generative

Constructions

Collocations

Semantics/Pragmatics

Lexical meaning

Implicature

Speech acts

Bilingualism

Code switching

Language ability

Creolisation/Pidginisation

Diglossia

Sign Language

Mutual intelligibility

Segmentation

Symbolic nature

Functions of language

Ideational (Meaning, information)

Interpersonal (Social)

Conversation

Information

Group cohesion

Language change

Textual

Cohesion

Coherence

Acquisition

Stages of development

Important concepts

U-shaped curve

Motherese

Pivot sentences

Telegraphese

Bootstrapping

Adult competence

Timeline

0-6 months

6-12 months

Babbling

12-18 months

First words

Understanding commands

18 months - 2 years

Limited repertoire of words

Pivot sentences

2-3 years

Telegraphese

Discovery of patterns with increasing productivity

3-6 years

Overregularization

Development of adult-like sentential syntax

Increase in vocabulary (app. 1000-5000 words)

6-12 years

Development of textual skills

Development of higher-level modalities

Language Acquisition Device (LAD)

Universal Grammar

Principles

Parameters

Learnability

Poverty of stimulus argument

Aphasias

Linguistics

Ferdinand de Saussure

Benjamin Lee Whorf

Noam Chomsky

MAK Halliday

William Labov

George Lakoff

Psychology

Lev S. Vygotsky

Jean Piaget

Jerome Bruner

B.F. Skinner

Eleanor Rosch

Linguistics

Structuralism

Minimal oppositions

Value of linguistic signs

Generative linguistics

Universal Grammar

LAD

Competence/Performance

Modularity

Functional linguistics

Cognitive linguistics

Constructions

Usage-based approach

Anti-modular

Language as inventory of conventional symbolic units

Linguistic Relativism

Conversation analysis

Psychology

Gestalt psychology

Behavioral psychology

Cognitive psychology

Construtivist psychology

Developmental psychology

Information Processing

Language

Language system

Introspection/Informants

Contrastive analysis

Distributional analysis

Corpus studies

Evidence of usage

Frequency

Collocations

Study of aphasias

Language acquisition

Own child observation

Note taking

Recording (Language in the crib)

Multi-child longitudinal studies

Experimental studies

Elicited

Unelicited

Second language acquisition

Diary studies

Observational studies

Outcome studies

Interviews

Thought

Cognitive abilities

Experiments

Attention measuring

Eye-movement tracking

Response speed measuring

Language tasks (e.g. map reading)

Introspection

Brain

Phonics

Bilingual education

Inclusive education

Foreign-language instruction

Textbook design