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English tenses

English tenses

This mind map will help you reach a better understanding of the structure and use of English verb tenses. The examples given clarify any doubts you may have, therefore ensuring that you will be able to use them properly on your own.

Keywords: grammar, language, English tenses, English grammar

English tenses

The English tenses

The English tenses demonstrate the time of actions centered around the subject of the sentence.

Present tenses in English are: Present Simple, Present Continuous, Present Perfect Simple, and Present Perfect Continuous.

Past tenses in English are: Past Simple, Past Continuous, Past Perfect Simple, Past Perfect Continuous.

Future tenses in English are: Future Simple, Future Continuous, Future Perfect Simple, Future Perfect Continuous.

English tenses

Tenses demonstrate the time of actions centered around the subject of the sentence. These actions are called verbs and change according to tenses.

Future tenses

There are four Future tenses:

Future Perfect Simple is used for:


Some adverbs used with Past Perfect Continuous for future actions:

Structure:

Will + Subject + Have Been + Verb-ING

e.g. How long will they be working on that project next week?

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

Will I have been being?Will you have been being?Will he/she/it have been being?Will we have been being?Will you have been being?Will they have been being?


Form of word "to have":

Will I have been having?Will you have been having?Will he/she/it have been having?Will we have been having?Will you have been having?Will they have been having?

Structure:

Subject + Won’t Have Been + Verb-ING

e.g. They won’t have been working on that project for two years next week.

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

I will not have been beingYou will not have been beingHe/She/It will not have been beingWe will not have been beingYou will not have been beingThey will not have been being


Form of word "to have":

I will not have been havingYou will not have been havingHe/She/It will not have been havingWe will not have been havingYou will not have been havingThey will not have been having

Structure:

Subject + Will Have Been + Verb-ING

e.g. They will have been working on that project for two years next week.

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of verb 'to be':

I will have been beingYou will have been beingHe/She/It will have been beingWe will have been beingYou will have been beingThey will have been being


Form of verb 'to have':

I will have been havingYou will have been havingHe/She/It will have been havingWe will have been havingYou will have been havingThey will have been having

Future Perfect Simple is used for:


Adverb used with Future Continuous:

Structure:

Will + Subject + Have + Past Participle?

e.g. Will you have met your colleague by this time tomorrow?

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

Will I have been?Will you have been?Will he/she/it have been?Will we have been?Will you have been?Will they have been?


Form of word "to have":

Will I have had?Will you have had?Will he/she/it have had?Will we have had?Will you have had?Will they have had?

Structure:

Subject + Won’t Have + Past Participle

e.g. I won’t have met my friend form United States by this time tomorrow.

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

I will not have beenYou will not have beenHe/She/It will not have beenWe will not have beenYou will not have beenThey will not have been


Form of word "to have":

I will not have hadYou will not have hadHe will not have hadWe will not have hadYou will not have hadThey will not have had

Structure:

Subject + Will Have + Past Participle

e.g. I will have met my friend form United States by this time tomorrow.

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of verb 'to be':

I will have beenYou will have beenHe/She/It will have beenWe will have beenYou will have beenThey will have been


Form of verb 'to have':

I will have hadYou will have hadHe/She/It will have hadWe will have hadYou will have hadThey will have had

Future Continuous is used:


Adverb used with Future Continuous:

Structure:

Will + Subject + Be +Verb-ING?

e.g. Will you be having fun at the party?

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

Will I be being?Will you be being?Will he/she/it be being?Will we be being?Will you be being?Will they be being?


Form of word "to have":

Will I be having?Will you be having?Will he/she/it be having?Will we be having?Will you be having?Will they be having?

Structure:

Subject + Won’t Be + Verb-ING

e.g. He won’t be having fun at the party.

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

I will not be beingYou will not be beingHe/She/It will not be beingWe will not be beingYou will not be beingThey will not be being


Form of word "to have":

I will not be havingYou will not be havingHe/She/It will not be havingWe will not be havingYou will not be havingThey will not be having

Structure:

Subject + Will Be + Verb-ING

e.g. You will be having fun at the party.

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of verb 'to be':

I will be beingYou will be beingHe/She/It will be beingWe will be beingYou will be beingThey will be being


Form of verb 'to have':

I will be havingYou will be havingHe/She/It will be havingWe will be havingYou will be havingThey will be having

Future Simple is used:

"Going to"

'Going to' Future is used:


Some adverbs used with 'Going to' Future:

Structure:

BE + Subject + going to + Infinitive Form of Verb?

e.g. Are you going to read the whole book over the weekend?

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

Am I going to be?Are you going to be?Is he/she/it going to be?Are we going to beAre you going to be?Are they going to be?


Form of word "to have":

Am I going to have?Are you going to have?Is he/she/it going to have?Are we going to haveAre you going to have?Are they going to have?

Structure:

Subject + BE not + going to + Infinitive Form of Verb

e.g. He isn't going to spend his vacation in Hawaii.

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

I am not going to beYou are not going to beHe/She/It is not going to beWe are not going to beYou are not going to beThey are not going to be


Form of word "to have":

I am not going to haveYou are not going to haveHe/She/It is not going to haveWe are not going to haveYou are not going to haveThey are not going to have

Structure:

Subject + BE (am/is/are) + going to + Infinitive Form of Verb

e.g. She’s going to be a professional dancer when she grows up.

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of verb 'to be':

I am going to beYou are going to beHe/She/It is going to beWe are going to beYou are going to beThey are going to be


Form of verb 'to have':

I am going to haveYou are going to haveHe/She/It is going to beWe are going to beYou are going to beThey are going to be
"Will"

Future Simple with 'will'' is used:


Some adverbs used with Future Simple:

Structure:

Will + Subject + V1(First Form of Verb)?

e.g. Will you see Mary when she comes back from Denmark?

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

Will I be?Will you be?Will he/she/it be?Will we be?Will you be?Will they be?


Form of word "to have":

Will I have?Will you have?Will he/she/it have?Will we have?Will you have?Will they have?

Structure:

Subject + Won’t (will not) + V1(First Form of Verb)

e.g. You won’t see Mary when she comes back from Denmark.

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

I will not beYou will not beHe/She/It will not beWe will not beYou will not beThey will not be


Form of word "to have":

I will not haveYou will not haveHe/She/It will not haveWe will not haveYou will not haveThey will not have

Structure:

Subject + Will + V1(First Form of Verb)

e.g. I will see Mary when she comes back from Denmark.

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of verb 'to be':

I will beYou will beHe/She/It will beWe will beYou will beThey will be


Form of verb 'to have':

I will haveYou will haveHe/She/it will haveWe will haveYou will haveThey will have

Past tenses

There are four Past tenses:

Past Perfect Continuous is used:


Some adverbs used with Past Perfect Continuous:

Structure:

Had + Subject + been Verb-ING?

e.g. How long had they been living in London before moving here?

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

Had I been being?Had you been being?Had he/she/i been being?Had we been being?Had you been being?Had they been being?


Form of word "to have":

Had I been having?Had you been having?Had he/she/it been having?Had we been having?Had you been having?Had they been having?

Structure:

Subject + hadn’t been/had not been + Verb-ING

e.g. I was tired because I hadn't been sleeping.

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

I had not been beingYou had not been beingHe/She/It had not been beingWe had not been beingYou had not been beingThey had not been being


Form of word "to have":

I had not been havingYou had not been havingHe/She/It had not been havingWe had not been havingYou had not been havingThey had not been having

Structure:

Subject + had been + Verb-ING

e.g. They had been talking for over an hour before I arrived.

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of verb 'to be':

I had been beingYou had been beingHe/She/It had been beingWe had been beingYou had been beingThey had been being


Form of verb 'to have':

I had been havingYou had been havingHe/She/It had been havingWe had been havingYou had been havingThey had been having

Past Perfect Simple is used for:


The Past Perfect tense is not normally used alone. It is used to denote the earlier of two past actions. We use Past Simple for the latter action.

Some adverbs used with Past Perfect Simple:

Structure:

Had + Subject + Past Participle?

e.g. Had they met Sarah before the party?

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

Had I been?Had you been?Had he/she/it been?Had we been?Had you been?Had they been?


Form of word "to have":

Had I had?Had you had?Had he/she/it had?Had we had?Had you had?Had they had?

Structure:

Subject + hadn’t (had not) + Past Participle

e.g. They hadn’t met Julia before the party.

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

I had not beenYou had not beenHe/She/It had not beenWe had not beenYou had not beenThey had not been


Form of word "to have":

I had not hadYou had not hadHe/She/It had not hadWe had not hadYou had not hadThey had not had

Structure:

Subject + had + Past Participle

e.g. They had already met Julia before the party.

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of verb 'to be':

I had writtenYou had writtenHe/She/It had writtenWe had writtenYou had writtenThey had written


Form of verb 'to have':

I have hadYou have hadHe/She/It has hadWe have hadYou have hadThey have had
Continuous

Past Continuous is used for:


Some adverbs used with Past Continuous:

Structure:

Was/ were + Verb-ING?

e.g. Were you studying when she called?

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

Was I being?Were you being?Was he/she/it being?Were we being?Were you being?Were they being?


Form of word "to have":

Was I having?Were you having?Was he/she/it having?Were we having?Were you having?Were they having?

Structure:

Subject + wasn’t (was not)/ weren’t (were not) + Verb-ING

e.g. You were not studying when she called.

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

I was not beingYou were not beingHe/She/It was not beingWe were not beingYou were not beingThey were not being


Form of word "to have":

I was not havingYou were not havingHe/She/It was not havingWe were not havingYou were not havingThey were not having

Structure:

Subject + was/ were + Verb-ING

e.g. You were studying when she called.

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of verb 'to be':

I was beingYou were beingHe/She/It was beingWe were beingYou were beingThey were being


Form of verb 'to have':

I was havingYou were havingHe/She/It was havingWe were havingYou were havingThey were having

Past simple expresses:


Some adverbs used with Past Simple:

Interogative form

Structure:

Did + subject + Base Form of the Verb?

e.g. Where did you meet her?

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

Was I?Were you?Was he/she/it?Were we?Were you?Were they?


Form of word "to have":

Did I have?Did you have?Did he/she/it have?Did we have?Did you have?Did they have?

Structure:

Subject + did not/didn’t + Base Form of the Verb

e.g. They didn’t like my food.

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

I was notYou were notHe/She/It was notWe were notYou were notThey were not


Form of word "to have":

I did not haveYou did not haveHe/She/It did not haveWe did not haveYou did not haveThey did not have

Structure:

Subject + Verb in Past Simple (2nd form)

e.g. They lived in Spain three years ago.

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of verb 'to be':

I wasYou wereHe/She/It wasWe wereYou wereThey were


Form of verb 'to have':

I hadYou hadHe/She/It hadWe hadYou hadThey had

Present tenses

There are four Present tenses:

Perfect Continuous

Present Perfect Continuous is used:


Some adverbs used with Present Perfect Continuous:

Structure:

Have/ has + Subject + been Verb-ING?

e.g. How long has he been learning German?

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

Have I been being?Have you been being?Has he/she/it been being?Have we been being?Have you been being?Have they been being?


Form of word "to have":

Have I been having?Have you been having?Has he/she/it been having?Have we been having?Have you been having?Have they been having?

Structure:

Subject + haven’t/hasn’t been + Verb-ING

e.g. She hasn’t been playing tennis for a long time.

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

I have not been beingYou have not been beingHe/She/It has not been beingWe have not been beingYou have not been beingThey have not been being


Form of word "to have":

I have not been havingYou have not been havingHe/She/It has not been havingWe have not been havingYou have not been havingThey have not been having

Structure:

Subject + have/ has been + Verb-ING

e.g. They have been learning French for two years.

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of verb 'to be':

I have been beingYou have been beingHe/She/It has been beingWe have been beingYou have been beingThey have been being

Form of verb 'to have':

I have been havingYou have been havingHe/She/It has been havingWe have been havingYou have been havingThey have been having
Perfect Simple

Present Perfect is used for:


Some adverbs used with Present Perfect:

Structure:

Have/ has +Subject+ Past Participle?

e.g. Has she finished the letter?

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

Have I been?Have you been?Has he/she/it been?Have we been?Have you been?Have they been?

Form of word "to have":

Have I had?Have you had?Has he/she/it had?Have we had?Have you had?Have they had?

Structure:

Subject + haven’t (have not)/ hasn’t (has not) + Past Participle

e.g. She hasn’t finished the letter.

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

I have not beenYou have not beenHe/She/It has not beenWe have not beenYou have not beenThey have not been

Form of word "to have":

I have not hadYou have not hadHe has not hadWe have not hadYou have not hadThey have not had

Structure:

Subject + have/ has + Past Participle (3rd Form of the Verb)

e.g. She has finished the letter.

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of verb 'to be':

I have beenYou have beenHe/She/It has beenWe have beenYou have beenThey have been

Form of verb 'to have':

I have hadYou have hadHe/She/It has hadWe have hadYou have hadThey have had
Cotinuous

Present Continuous is used to indicate the ongoing time (now).

Some adverbs used with Present Continuous:

Structure:

BE + Subject + Verb-ING?

Are you eating now?

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

Am I being?Are you being?Is he/she/it being?Are we being?Are you being?Are they being?

Form of word "to have":

Am I having?Are you having?Is he/she/it having?Are we having?Are you having?Are they having?

Structure:

Subject + BE not + Verb-ING

e.g. You are not eating now.

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

I am not beingYou are not beingHe/She/It is not beingWe are not beingYou are not beingThey are not being

Form of word "to have":

I am not havingYou are not havingHe/She/It is not havingWe are not havingYou are not havingThey are not having

Structure:

Subject + BE (am/is/are) + Verb-ING

e.g. You are eating now.

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of verb 'to be':

I am beingYou are beingHe/She/It is beingWe are beingYou are beingThey are being

Form of verb 'to have':

I am havingYou are havingHe/She/It is havingWe are havingYou are havingThey are having
Simple

Present Simple is used for:


Some adverbs used with Present Simple:

Interrogative form

Structure:

Do + Subject (I, You, We, They)+ V1 (First Form of Verb)?

Does + Subject (He, She, It)+V1 (First Form of Verb)?

e.g. Where does he work?

Type in your own examples or choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

Am I?Are youIs he/she/it?Are we?Are you?Are they?

Form of word "to have":

Have I?Have youHas he/she/it?Have we?Have youHave they?
Negative form

Structure:

Subject (I, You, We, They) + do not / don’t + V1 (First Form of Verb)

Subject (He, She, It) + does not / doesn’t + V1 (First Form of Verb)

e.g. He doesn’t work in a bank.

Type in your own example or choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

I am notYou are notHe/She/It is notYou are notWe are notThey are not

Form of word "to have":

I do not haveYou do not haveHe/She/It does not haveWe do not haveYou do not haveThey do not have
Affirmative form

Structure:

Subject (I, You, We, They) + V1(First Form of Verb)

e.g. I usually go jogging at weekends.

Subject (He, She, It)+ V1(First Form of Verb) + s/es

e.g. She writes every day.

Examples

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of verb "to be":

I amYou areHe/she/it isWe areYou areThey are


Form of verb "to have":

I haveYou haveHe/she/it hasWe haveYou haveThey have

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