Body Systems

Creates, holds and removes urine

UTI

Bacteria from the bowel (most common cause)

Produce medication and research

Components

Connects pharynx and trachea and allows air to pass through

Conducting zone

Trachea

Nostrils

Larnyx

(Windpipe) Lets air pass through to lungs and connects the larnyx to the rest of the system

Passageway for air to enter the body. It filters and moisturizes the air before it enters the lungs

Oxygen is separated from other gases and is carried into bloodstream while gases like CO2 are taken out

Controls breathing and separates chest cavity from abdomen cavity

CLoses the trachea when consuming food preventing it from blocking the airway

Main passage to lungs allows for oxygen to enter and CO2 to exit

Secondary opening (allows air to enter or exit the body)

Allows for free movement of lungs

Intake air, keep oxygen in the body and remove all other gases (CO2)

Breaks down food and send nutrients into different parts of our body

Components

Gastrointestinal tract

Subtopic

Hollow Organs

Connects throat to stomach and is a tub like muscles that allows food to reach stomach. It aslo contracts to make digestion easier.

Break food down further by using acid and stomach enzymes. Muscles contract and expand within the stomach to enhance digestion

Chew and break down food using saliva and enzymes to start digestion process

Reabsorbs water from mixture and temporarily stores waste

Absorbing minerals and important nutrients from food

Components

Regulates the removal of stomach contents into small intestine

Absorbs remaining nutrients that have not been absorbed by jejunum

Absorbs most of the nutrients before passing the food onto Ileum

Anus

To allow and stop the passing of the stool from the body

Solid Organs

Components

Bile production, excretion and metabolizes carbs, fats and proteins

Regulates blood sugar, and converts food into nutrients

Production of bile to help break down fatty foods

Gallbladder stones

Ultrasound (abdomen)

lack of water intake

Provides movement, maintains posture, generates heat, and stabilizes joints

Components

Is to contract to move parts of the body closer to the bone that the muscle is attached to, also covers your skeleton

Contract and expand "automatically" help us perform simple tasks

contracts and helps pump blood throughout the body

inflammatory myopathies

MRI/Ultrasound/ Electromyography

Weak muscles

Responsible for the control of the body and communication among all its parts

Systems

Components

Components

Cerebrum

controls actions occurring on both sides of the body (five senses, thoughts, motion)

Cerebellum

receives information from the spinal cord to coordinate voluntary movements

Brain Stem

controls flow of messages and basic body functions including breathing and swallowing

used as a tranmiter that can send information to the brain

Components

Neurons

Afferent Neurons (sensory neurons)

transmit sensory signals to the CNS (Central Nervous System) from receptors in the body

Efferent Neurons (Motor neurons)

Transmit signals from CNS to effectors in the body such as muscles and glands

Interneurons

to form complex networks within the CNS to integrate the information from afferent neurons and to direct the function of the body through efferent neurons.

act as highways and carry signals between brain and spinal cord

Epilepsy

trauma in the brain

Drug Therapy

to control seizures

provide support , movement, protection endocrine regulation and calcium storage

Components

Support for body structure, allows movement, and provides protection to organs as well as storage space for minerals

provides extra support, connects bones together, and allows flexibility in movement

Stabilizes joint and prevents it from moving out of range of motion.

connects bones within the body, it also allows movement and bears the overall weight

connects bones and skeletal muscles

Osteoporosis

X-rays

Drug therapy

When body loses too much bone or too little bone resulting them in becoming weak or even breaking from a fall.

Protecting body against infectious identifying threats

Components

To store leukocytes (white blood cells)

Chew up invading organisms

allow the body to remember and recognize the previous invaders

B-cells

produce antibodies to fight surface antigens of bacteria and viruses

T-cells

Recognize viral antigens outside of infected cells and fight them

Eliminate Pathogens and infectious diseases

Produces white blood cells and B-cells. It also stores stem cells

Controls the amount of blood in the body. Disposes old/damaged cells and contains white blood cells.

Trigger and maintains production of antibodies

Allergies

hypersensitivity of immune system (when the immune system mistakes harmless material as a severe threat)

Inhalers/Puffers

Medications

Produce hormones that regulate metabolism, growth/development, tissue function, sleep and mood

Components

secrete hormones into bloodstreams

that produce store and release hormones into the bloodstream

produces melatonin and helps maintain circadian rhythm and regulate reproductive hormones

discharge hormones (estrogen and progesterone) which is vital for reproduction and fertilization

discharge testosterone (vital for reproduction of sperm in male)

ske

hypothyroidism

Fatigue, hair loss, cold intolerance

Drug Therapy, surgery, biopsy

Allowing the human body to develop and reproduce

Producing sperm and testosterone for male reproductive system. It is also to transport sperm.

Components

ejaculate sperm into vagina to fertilize the egg

Urethra

additional fluid during ejaculation and nourishes the sperm

Bladder

Erectile dysfunction

Vascular reconstruction surgery

blocked blood flow to penis

Production of ovum and hormones and transport of gametes.

Components

Allow menstrual flow to exit body. Allows the baby to pass during labour. Allows the penis to enter the body.

Producing ovum and hormones

Transporting the ovum to the uterus

Devloping the fetus

Opening to vagina

PCOS (Polycystic ovary syndrome)

hormonal disorder

Surgery

Birth Control Pills

Protects the body against infections and extreme temperatures. It also maintains balance of fluids

Components

Epidermis

Produce Keratin and gives structure durability and waterproofing

Dermis

to give strength and elasticity

Hypodermis

Stores energy in triglycerides

Protects areas from UV radiation. Also provides insulation

Reinforce and protect ends of fingers and toes from physical injury

Eccrine Sweat Glands

Produce a secretion of water and sodium chloride

Apocrine Sweat Glands

Ducts extend to follicles of hairs so that the sweat produce exits the body along the hair shaft

Acne

Disturbance often occurs as a result of over-productive sebaceous glands

UV radiation

Circulatory System

Responsible for circulation of blood, nutrients, and oxygen

Components

Coronary System

Supply oxygenated blood to heart muscles and drains away blood once its been dyoxygenated

Coronary arteries

Cardiac Veins

Heart

Pulmonary System

Lungs

Pulmonary Veins

Pulmonary Arteries

Systemic System

Carry urine from kidney to bladder

Components

Carrys urine out of the body from the bladder

Stores urine (controlled) until a signal is given)

Remove urea (waste product produced by breakdown of proteins) from blood