Communication

Strategies

Posture

Try to make your posture mirror that of the students and have your shoulders squared with the student's on about the same level

Eye contact

To show that you are interested in what they say

Facial expresion

What is shown on your face should match what is on the child's

Distance

It shouldn't be too close or too distant

Distracting behaviours

Avoid playing with your hands, staring out the window or doing something else when talking to students

Voice quality

Your tone should match the child's

Encourage students

Do not control them

Be positive

Avoid to put them down

Accepting language

It is an important factor to open kids up and make them feel more comfortable

Initiating and directing students responses

To ask questions effectively

Pause effectively

Before and after making a question

Monitor questioning interactions

What types of questions do you ask.?.

Meaningful questions

Monitor how many questions you ask and which type

Check for understanding

Check if a studet understands what was communicated and summarize what was said

Medium of instruction and assesment

Classroom

Confident pupils

Remain silent Reluctant to participate

Emotional factors

Anxious to speak in class. Exclude themselves from speaking. Difficulty to talk to their teacher

Emotional difficulties. Insecurity. Lack of teacher-student relationship

Misunderstandings

Communication is not so frequently, openly and accurately

Speakers often are not clear themselves

They hide their true feelings

Intentionally or unintentionally

Listeners often fail to listen carefully

Misunderstandings

Unskilled third parties

Not help people understand better

Strategies

Treating framing problems

What the conflict is about

Interest-based framing

Fairness-based framing

Integrative reframing

Mirror imaging

Power sharing

Goal clarification

Active listening

Dialogic listening

Dialogue

Communication accuracy

Treating scoping problems

Who is involved, what they think and the context

Conflict mapping

Analysis of similar conflicts

Understanding historical context

Assisted scoping

Recognizing related disputes

Treating communication problems

Opening lines of communication

Question stereotypes

Stereotype-breaking actions

Rumor control teams

Telecommunications-based communication

Establish personal relationship

Public information strategy

Treating fact-finding problems

To obtain information about facts and uncertainties

Joint fact-finding and data mediation

Oversight

Dealing with uncertainty

Technical primers

Truth commisions

Alternative methods for presenting data

Treating procedural problems

Meeting design

Meeting facilitation

Majority rule processes

Consensus rule processes

Administrative decision-making processes

Negotiation of process issues

Good timing

Private meetings

Public information strategy

Confidentiality rules

Action forcing mechanisms/deadlines

Clear rules and procedural expectations

Deliberation requirements

Public participation mechanisms

Grassroots process design

Treating escalation problems

To reduce the intensity of a conflict

Escalation training

Cooling-off periods

De-escalatory language

Media management

Controlled confrontation

Dealing with extremists

Changing leaders

Making escalation the enemy

Ground rules

Crisis management

Observers

Conciliatory victory

Future focus

Develop personal relationships