English Grammar

gives further information about the preceding noun

time, place, or reason

why?

When?

Where?

auxiliary verbs

Examples:

Necessary

Advisable

Permissible

Possible

Probable

When to use it?

ability, possibility and probability

Structure

[Base Form of Verb] (+ Optional Subject) (+ Optional Modifier)

Examples:

Purpose

Subject

Verb Form

Politeness

Punctuation

S + would + main verb base + POSITIVE
S+ would not/ wouldn’t + main verb base + NEGATIVE
Would + S + main verb base + ? QUESTION

past actions that don't happen any more.

S + used to + inf. verb POSITIVE
S + didn’t/did not + use to + m. verb NEGATIVE
Did/Didn’t + use to + m. verb QUESTION

Use

No longer true actions.

Repeated actions

State a situation

Use

verb - other verb

different verbs

both - meaning (different)

S + verb + verb -ing + cmp +

S + verb + to + verb inf + cmp +

a word that modifies, describes, or introduces a noun.

Definite and indefinite articles

Demonstrative determiners

Possessive determiners

Determiners of difference

Numbers

Interrogative determiners

Quantifiers

Distributive Determiners

Structure

+

Subject + have/has + v3 + object

-

Subject + have/has + not + v3 + object

?

Have/has + subject + v3 + object +?

What is it?

The subject

Receives

The action

Present

emphasize the action

Structure (+)

Structure (-)

Structure (?)

Past

The object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence

Structure (+)

Structure (-)

Structure (?)

used to refer to habits

Positive

infinitive → 3rd person singular (he, she, it) infinitive + -s

Negative

auxiliary do/does + not + infinitive of the verb.

Actions that are happening now

Positive (+)

Subject + to be + base + ing

Negative (-)

Subject + to be + not + base + ing

Wish

"I wish" + a condition when we regret something.
Present/Future/Past

If

We put the part of the complex sentence that goes after "if" in the conditionals

Something that will happen

Forms

Simple Future

Future Continuous

Future Perfect

Future Perfect Continuous

specify the nouns.

A
An
The

Consonants
Vowels
Particular Nouns

replace nouns

Personal
Possesive
Demonstrative
Reflexive
Interrogative
Indefinited

person, location, object, or concept

9 types

Common nouns

Proper nouns

Singular nouns

Plural nouns

Countable nouns

Uncountable nouns

Concrete nouns

Abstract Nouns

Collective nouns

Actions that happened in the past

but

have relevance in the present.

subject + am /ist/are + verb in past participle

Subject + am not/isn't/aren't + verb in past participle

Am/is/are + subject + past participle verb

Subject + was/were + past participle verb

Subject + wasn't/were n't+ past participle verb

Was/Were + subject + past participle verb

Examples

who

Whom

Whose

That

Which

modifies a noun and provides more information about it

Defining Clauses

Essential info

Don't use comas

Non-defining

Extra-info

Use comas