Antibiotics

lincosamide (-static)
clindamycin

SE: diarrhea, C. diff, yeast, inf.
do not take w/ food,
avoid alcohol

protein synthesis inhibitor

tx: cellulitis, impetigo,
DM foot ulcers, sepsis

sulfonamides (-static)
sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim

Tx: UTI, ear infection
ulcerative colitis, MRSA

Allergies are common, N/V/D, liver & renal injury, CNS effects, photosensitivity, Stevens-Johnson syndrome,
PO DM med can lower BS

inhibit folic acid synthesis

fluoroquinolones (-cidal)
ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin

SE/AE: N/V/D, joint pain,
peripheral neuropathy,
low BS, tendon rupture
Don't take w/ steroids, take w/
food (no dairy), NOT for <18 YO

UTI, GI, skin, bone
infections

inhibit DNA synthesis
& reproduction

aminoglycosides (-cidal)
gentamicin (Garamycin)

inhibits protein synthesis

ototoxic, hepatotoxic,neurotoxic
not given PO, don't give w/ diuretics
watch peak & trough

tx: E. coli, bowel surgery prep,
blood infections

penicillins (-cidal): penicillin G, amoxicillin, piperacillin/tazobactam

inhibits cell
wall synthesis

N/V/D, C. diff, AE: allergy
cross sensitivity w/ cephalosporins,
decreases effectiveness of PO contraception

Strep, Staph, endocarditis, syphilis

cephalosporins (-cidal)
cephalexin, ceftriaxone, cefepime

Cross sensitivity w/ penicillin
makes PO contraception ineffective
DO NOT MIX with alcohol
kidney toxicity, superinfections

inhibits cell
wall synthesis

1st Gen: cephalexin (Keflex)
bones, lungs, skin, GI, UTI

2nd Gen:cefaclor
bone & soft tissue

3rd Gen: ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
E. coli, PNA, meningitis, pre-op
NO LR with admin.

4th Gen: cefepime (Maxipime)
Gram +, -, IV only

5th Gen: ceftaroline (Teflaro)
MRSA, IV only

vancomycin (-cidal)

inhibits cell
wall synthesis

IV for MRSA & resistant
infect. PO for C. diff

peak & trough, nepro-, oto-toxicity
Red Man's Syndrome, tissue necrosis

macrolides (-cidal or -static)
azithromycin, clarithromycin

inhibits protein synthesis

skin, upper resp. infect.
UTI, whooping cough

can prolong QT interval,
hepatotoxicity, don't use
w/ anticoagulants

tetracyclines (-static)
doxycycline, tetracycline

inhibits bacteria
protein synthesis

acne, STIs, anthrax
PNA, e. coli

N/V/D, NOT for pregnant people,
kids under 8, affects tooth &
bone dev., increase r/o
sunburn yeast infect.
take on empty stomach (no dairy)

carbapenems (-cidal)
meropenem, ertapenem

inhibits cell
wall synthesis

IV for MDR bacteria in
hospitalized pts.

N/V/D, pain & phlebitis at IV site,
anaphylaxis, DO NOT USE
in renal & peds pts.