Constructivism and behaviorism present idealistic theoretical emphases within the same paradigm of dualism.
Constructivist theorists only postulate dualistic paradigms from being and context.
KUHN rejects the distinction between the intellectual and the social.
Poses consciousness as a rational thought
The role of the community in the individual.
Comprehension focuses on the use of language or the meaning of words.
The connection between collective and individual consciousness exists through collective subjectivity.
Consciousness consists of generating connection between the object and the concept.
The environment and its understanding is given from the language and its meaning.
3 relevant elements of the school
The context
The student
The teacher
The language
Its research object is the unit of speech.
Sensation and perception is what differentiate man from animals.
Gainings
Mayer (1996)
Constructivism emerges as the main metaphor for human learning
He criticized constructivism for reducing the mind-body analogy.
CONSTRUCTIVISM
Piaget: cognitive constructivism (individual and student-centered)
Vigotsky: social constructivism (the learning environment)
FOX (2001)
Constructivism rules out memorization and mechanical learning methods.
PHILIPS (1995)
The ugly face of constructivism is its quasi-religious or ideological aspect.
Constructivism has sects that seek absolute truth.
BIGGS, JIN AND CORTAZZI (1998)
They mention that constructivism does not always guarantee learning.
COLE AND WERTSCG (2004)
They claim that the standard view of Vygotsky's theory is a simplified stereotype of man's original works.
LAVE AND WENGER (1991)
They disapprove of the concepts of learning given by Vygotsky.
They propose the process of internalization, seen as individualistic and
Resnick (1996)
He emphasizes the role
of the social and the collective, but ignores the role of the individual
Cobb,
(1996)
Vygotsky's theory fails to address how the external world connects to the internal mind.
RESNICK (1996)
Vygotsky ignores the role of the individual and it is not clear how the external world connects with the internal mind