Language and
Linguistics

Branches of Linguistics

First Distinction

General Linguistics

Desriptive Linguistics

Second Distinction

Diachronic "Historical" Linguistics

Synchronic Linguistics

Third Distinction

Theoretical Distinction

Applied Linguistics

Fourth Distinction

Micro linguistics

Phonetics

Phonology

Morphology

Syntax

Semantics

Pragmatics

Macro linguistics

Psycholinguistics

Sociolinguistics

Neurolinguistics

Discourse Analysis

Computational Linguistics

Applied Linguistics

Linguistics as the Science of Language

Science
(a form of inquiry and form of knowledge)

A Subjective Process

A Objective Process

A Creative Process

Grammar

Universal Grammar

Language

A "tool" or knowledge that constructs
an infinite number of sentences

Theories of Language Acquisition

Burrhus Frederic "BF" Skinner

Listen, imitate, receive a
reward, repeat for recall

Noam Chomsku

Nativist Theory

There are "core" and "language specific"
rules in all languages

Interactionist Theory

Language development is
both biological and social

Language and the Brain

Parts of the Brain

Parietal Lobe

Sense of touch

Occipital Lobe

Sense of sight

Frontal Lobe

Problem solving

Temporal Lobe

Sense of hearing

Cerebellum

Balance

Brainstem

Pathway to the Body

Hemispheres of the Brain:
LEFT AND RIGHT

Left Brain is responsible for:

Logic

Sequential

Rational

Analytical

Objective

Looks at parts

Right Brain is responsible for:

Random

Intuitive

Holistic

Synthesizing

Subjective

Look at whole

Information about the two sides of
brain in which the brain recognized

Left Brain

Letters

Numbers

Words

Right Brain

Places

Objects

Faces

World Englishes and Kachru's Concentric Circle

English

[ENL] English as a Native Language

[ESL] English as a Second Language

[EFL] English as a Foreign Language

Kachru's Concentric Circle

Inner Circle
[ENL]

"Mother Tongue" Variations of Language

Outer Circle
[ESL]

English as an "Additional Language"

Expanding Circle
[EFL]

Language is uses as a "Foreign Language"

Two Faces of English

Englishisation

Nativisation

Bilingual Creativity

Creative linguistic processes, the result
in two or more language

Paradigm Shifts

Shifts from frameworks and theories, significantly appropriate only to monolingual countries

Origins of Language

Theories

Divine Creation

Natural Evolution

Invention/Necessity Hypothesis

"ding-dong" hypothesis

"pooh-pooh" hypothesis

"bow-bow" hypothesis

"ta-ta" hypothesis

Necessity Hypothesis

Warning Hypothesis

"yo-he-yo" Hypothesis

The Lying Hypothesis

Other sources of Language

Innateness Hypothesis

Linguistics Diversity

Monogenesis

The Mother Tongue Hypothesis

Out of Africa Theory

Polygenesis

The Candelabra Hypothesis

Language and it's Nature

Definitions

Define as the tool used in communication process

Charactheristics

Properties of Language

Specificity

Displacement

Arbitrariness

Productivity

Discreteness

Duality or double Articulation

Cultural Transimission

Rule Government

Functions of Language

Metalingual Function (Halliday's Model)

Ideational

Interpersonal

Contextual

Four Basic Functions of Language

Informative Function

Interrogative Function

Interpersonal Function

Performative

Directive

Emotive

Expressive

Varieties of English

According to medium

According to field discourse

According to User

Regional

Social

The Language User

Philippine English

Englishes
(Classifications of Models)

Kachru's Circle Theory

The Three Concentric Circle

Birth of Corpus Linguistics

[ICE] International Corpus of English

Aim to collect material for comparative studies of English across the globe

Features of Philippine English

Grammatical Features of Philippine English

BRIEF EXPLANATION:

The concept map presents the topic: "Language and Linguistics". The center talks about the main view of the the subject. These circles are interrelated within each other that shows relationship to the theme. There are Origins of Language and Theories of Language Acquisition and the idea that Language shows relationship to the Brain. Language has its nature. Through this Linguistics becomes the science of language. Where linguistics are subdivided into different distinction. There are large varieties of English as presented by Kachru's Inner Circle where Philippines belong to the outer circle.

Many have strive in philosophizing what is language and how does it impacts towards us and the society that shapes our identity. Then philosophers came up upon their own idea about the theories and acquisition of language namely B.F Skinner, Noam Chumsku and from the unknown source which concludes Interactionist Theory. Language has different nature from: characteristics, functions and properties of language. Therefore there are many views about the origins of language. Many beliefs asserts a theory that it is a result of divine creation, or some else a natural evolution. Also there's a theory that language is a necessity. Due to this Linguistic Diversity happen. In an innate capability language are driven by the capacity of our mind to name a thing due to what our eyes may perceived. Our language works within the brain processing which brains are subdivided into many parts which has different functions.

Linguistic is known as the science of language or a form of inquiry, including grammars and it is where language are labeled as a tool of communication. Linguistics has stem in which has 4 distinction. As a Universal Language English manifest prominently throughout the world in which there are many varieties. That's the reason why Kachru formulate his concentric circles about the classification of English which are subdivided by Inner, Outer and Expanding Circle. The Inner Circle are those countries who's native English speakers; then outer circle which English serves as a secondary language, lastly the expanding where English is known as a foreign language. Philippines belong to outer circle which English language is labeled as the secondary language. Filipinos is creative in the form of language in which they can formulate their own variety of it. Philippine English stems to classification of models, features and grammatical features of Philippine English and the Birth of Corpus Linguistics.