This is the biological theory if human development
where as it emphasizes the combined function of
the person (genetics) due to its environment
The Baumrind's Parenting Style Theory include two
broad dimensions which is control and responsiveness
Control explains manners and strictness with which the parent provides to their children.
Responsiveness includes the affection, acceptance, and their caring involved in parenting. Based on both of these two dimensions we are introduced to the FOUR parenting styles.
Authoritative = setting limits or having rules for children and adolescents while enforcing those rules
Authoritarian = high levels of control in which limits are set and rules are enforced yet emotional connectedness is lacking
Permissive= involves less control, with parents either not setting rules for behavior or not enforcing rules
Uninvolved= lacks both control and responsiveness.
Erikson's theory focuses on the social elements that influence individual development throughout a person's life. Through environmental influences in the development Erkinson believed in the EIGHT stages of psychosocial crisis.
Trust Vs Mistrust
Autonomy cs shame/doubt
Initiative vs guilt
Industry vs Inferiority
Identity vs Identity diffusion
Intimacy vs Isolation
Generativity vs stagnation
Integrity vs despair
Discuss identity in terms of two variables
such as exploration and commitment.
Identity achieved= opportunities for adolescents
to explore many options
Identity foreclosure : These adolescents are time
to explore but have accepted the commitments laid out
by their parents.
Moratorium = These adolescents are actively involved in
the exploration process but have not yet made decisions or commitments
identity diffusion = These adolescents either have not yet begun the process of exploration or have been through the exploration, but were unable to make commitments to their goals and values
Ethnic Identity or psychological attitudes toward and
behaviors related to membership in an ethnic and racial group, which important aspect of social development in these areas.