Environmental Issues

-Causes of Water Pollution There are several different ways that pollution reaches aquatic bodies, including runoff, spills, industrial and municipal discharge, and the deposition of airborne pollutants. It is simple to dispose of waste by throwing it into a river or lake, and businesses frequently do so without thinking about the best way to do so. Instead, they simply get rid of the material in the most practical way.

-What is water pollution When dangerous substances—often chemicals or microorganisms contaminate a stream, river, lake, ocean or other body of water, their quality deteriorates and they become toxic for both humans and the environment. This is known as water pollution.

-Environmental Effects of Water pollution The destruction of all aquatic ecosystems, including those in fresh, tidal, and ocean waters, makes water pollution a serious global environmental issue. Numerous types of chemicals, diseases, and physical modifications like increased temperature are among the specific contaminants that cause water pollution. While many of the regulated chemicals and substances (such as calcium, salt, iron, manganese, and others) may be naturally occurring, it is generally the concentration that distinguishes between what is a natural component of water and what is a contaminant. Aquatic flora and wildlife may suffer detrimental effects from high quantities of naturally occurring chemicals. Oxygen-depleting substances can be both man-made chemicals and natural materials like plant matter (such as leaves and grass).

-Effects of water pollution on humans Water pollution contributes to the development of more than 50 different diseases, and it is the cause of 80% of illnesses and 50% of child deaths worldwide. cholera, diarrhea, dysentery, hepatitis A, typhoid, polio, and even cancer are all brought on by water contamination.

Facts about water pollution 1.In developing nations, water-related illnesses account for 80% of all diseases. 2.Fresh water on earth is only 2.5% of the total water 3. malaria which is a water borne diseases has killed half of the humans to ever exist 4.Almost two million tons of human waste are exposed daily to water.

1.Solution Force companies to be mindful of how they are polluting by putting policies in place to make them accountable for pollution.

2.Solution Scientists can invent new green innovative technologies that are as effective as their polluting counterparts

-How Deforestation affects Environment Carbon dioxide is absorbed and stored by trees. When forests are cut down or even just disturbed, carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are released. As a result, it contributes to around 10% of global warming. But that's not all, deforestation weakens and degrades the soil. Forested soils are usually not only richer on organic matter, but also more resistant to erosion, bad weather, and extreme weather events. This happens mainly because roots help fix trees in the ground and the sun-blocking trees cover helps the soil to slowly dry out. As a result, deforestation will probably mean the soil will become increasingly fragile, leaving the area more vulnerable to natural disasters such as landslides and floods.

-What is Deforestation Deforestation, also known as forest clearance, is the removal of a forest or tree from land before it is put to another use other than that of a forest.

-What Causes Deforestation Though there are many contributing factors to deforestation the main one is the cultivation of agriculture, according to the Secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). 48% of deforestation is caused by subsistence farming (farming out of the need to survive or provide for their families), followed by commercial agriculture (32%), logging (14%), and fuel wood withdrawals (5%).

-How Deforestation affects humans The most direct effects of deforestation are felt by those who live close to the woods. Due to the resources that forests provide, such as fertile soil for farming and clean water for drinking, these vulnerable populations are reliant on forests for their survival. Animals and insects seek refuge in the crowded villages that surround the woods when humans destroy their habitats in the forests. There is a great amount of hazardous contact between humans and wildlife as a result of animal migration into these populated areas. This is due to the pathogens or zoonotic diseases that these animals can carry the most common being Malaria, Chagas disease, African trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, Lyme disease, HIV and Ebola.

-Deforestation Facts 1. 10 Million Hectares of Forest is lost Every Single Year 2.Deforestation Contributes about 4.8 Billion Tonnes of Carbon Dioxide A Year 3.No Company in the World Achieved Its Net Zero Deforestation Commitment 4.More than half the world’s tropical forests have been destroyed since the 1960s

1.Solution The government can make organizations that aid in the ending of deforestation by replating trees in clear-cut areas.

2.Solution People can elect a government that is in favour of keeping forests healthy, such as Canada's green party.

-What Is Ozone Depletion Ozone depletion is frequently used to refer to the stratospheric ozone layer weakening.

-The effects of Ozone Depletion on the enviorment Plant life is also substantially affected by Ozone Depletion, the reason for this is the that UV radiation becomes more pronounced when the Ozone layer depletes. Due to the creation of nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide, this can lead to a reduction in plant development and an increase in oxidative stress. In the long run, a decrease in plant growth will have significant effects. According to projections, plant productivity will drop by 6%, and the amount of carbon that plants absorb from the environment would decrease. Furthermore, exposure to high UV radiation levels can cause plants to produce hazardous volatile organic molecules such isoprenes. By increasing air pollution and the amount of carbon in the atmosphere, plant emissions of isoprenes have a negative influence on the environment and ultimately contribute to climate change.

-What Is The Ozone Hole The Ozone hole is the depletion of the ozone layer over the earths polar regions.

-What Causes Ozone Depletion Manufacturing-related chemicals, particularly halocarbon refrigerants, solvents, propellants, and foam-blowing agents (chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), HCFCs, and halons), also known as ozone-depleting compounds, are the primary causes of ozone depletion and the ozone hole (ODS). Following their emission from the surface, these substances are carried into the stratosphere by turbulent mixing, Once in the stratosphere, they trigger photodissociation to release atoms from the halogen group, which catalyses the conversion of ozone (O3) into oxygen (O2). It was shown that halocarbon emissions rose together with both forms of ozone depletion.

-What Are The Effects Of Ozone Depletion on humans Ozone Layer Depletion leads to many side effects most of which are caused by the UV rays emitted by the sun, The illnesses that can be contracted by UV rays are cutaneous melanoma(A type of life-threatening skin cancer), squamous cell carcinoma(Another type of skin cancer),premature skin aging, cataracts, pterygium(A type of flesh that grows over the cornea), as well as basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma(All types of cancer of the eyes).

-Solution 1 Companies can find and use different alternatives for HCFC such as hydrocarbons and ammonia.

-Solution 2 The government can implement specific policies for companies that regulate their use of these ozone-depleting substances.

Facts about Climate change 1.The global temperature on an average has increased by 0.6 to 1 degree Celsius till the 20th century. 2.Pests that cause deadly diseases like dengue, malaria, and Lyme disease are more likely to spread as a result of climate change. 3.Between 1980 and 2010, the number of occurrences linked to climate change has increased fourfold 4.By the end of the century, temperatures are predicted to climb by 1.1 to 6.4 degrees, depending on carbon emissions.

-What is climate change Climate Change Climate change is the term used to describe both the effects of global warming on the Earth's climate system and the continual rise in the average world temperature. In a broader sense, climate change also refers to past, significant shifts in Earth's climate.

-What Causes Climate Change The primary factor causing climate change is human activity. People change land from forests to farmland and consume fossil fuels. Since the start of the Industrial Revolution, mankind has burnt an increasing amount of fossil fuels and converted enormous tracts of forest land into agricultural land. The greenhouse gas carbon dioxide is created when fossil fuels are burned. Because it causes a "greenhouse effect," it is referred to as a greenhouse gas. Similar to how a greenhouse is warmer than its surrounds, the greenhouse effect warms the earth.

-How does Climate change affect humans Numerous elements contribute to climate change's lethal nature. One of the most lethal aspects of meteorological events is heat. As ocean temperatures rise, storms become more intense, which can result in both direct and indirect fatalities. More wildfires occur as a result of dry conditions, which pose serious health hazards. Increased flooding can result in the spread of chemical risks, injuries, and infections that are transmitted by water. Ticks and mosquitoes can spread disease to new areas when their geographic ranges grow.

-Climate changes affects on the environment Climate change can result in more frequent and severe droughts, storms, heat waves as well as causing rising sea levels, melting glaciers, and warming oceans, which can directly kill animals and destroy their habitats, and cause havoc on people's lives and communities. Weather hazards are increasing in frequency or severity as climate change gets worse.

1.Soloution The government can invest in renewable sources of energy whether that be through funding the creation of new renewable sources of energy or making renewable energy more prevalent.

2.Soloution Farms can put practices in place that lessen the amount of greenhouse gas emissions that their farms produce such as using livestock feed additives.