Hemoptysis
infections
bronchitis
acute
recent onset
chronic
blood-streaked
recurrent
frequent episodes
smoking history
fever
TB
frank blood
recurrent
Family history/ contact history
fever
night sweats
bronchiectasis
blood-streaked
frank blood (severe)
recurrent & chronic
frequent episodes
lung abscess
pleuritic chest pain
fever
pneumonia
pneumococcal pneumonia
rusty brown
due to hemoglobin degradation
klebsiella
currant jelly
necrotising pneumonia
currant jelly
recent onset
pleuritic chest pain
neoplasms
bronchogenic carcinoma
blood-streaked
slight, persistent bleeding
gradual pleuritic chest pain
smoking history
hoarseness of voice
recurrent laryngeal n involvement
often of recent onset in adults >45 yrs old
hemoptysis normally in non-small cell lung ca
hemoptysis rare in lung mets
bronchial carcinoma
cardiac
pulmonary embolism
frank blood
may be at first red, then progressively darkens within 48hr
recurrent
large volume, massive hemoptysis
sudden pleuritic chest pain
palpitations
due to pulmonary infarction
preceding hemoptysis due to atrial fibrillations causing pulmonary embolism
other sites of thromboembolism
eg. swollen leg in DVT
IVDA history
septic embolism
recent previous operation/ hospitalisation (prolonged bedrest)
pulmonary edema
pink frothy
blood is mixed with air bubbles
left ventricular failure
mitral stenosis
recurrent
on exertion
sudden elevation in L atrial pressure
vascular/ autoimmune
polyarteritis nodosa
Goodpasture's syndrome
large volume, massive hemoptysis
hematuria
Wegener granulomatosis
hematuria
purulent rhinorrhea
nasal/ sinus pain
Eisenmenger syndrome
others
trauma
large volume, massive hemoptysis
amyloidosis
coagulopathy
DISTINGUISHING FACTORS FROM EPISTAXIS & HEMETEMESIS
not associated with
epistaxis
nausea/ vomiting
coffeeground/ brown/ magenta appearance
food particles in blood
often associated with
cough
sputum