comes from
two Greek roots
META
HODOS
means
a road
or a way
to reach
a porpuse
can be
described from 3 points
philosophic
scientific
educational
3 points
philosophic
deals with
a simulation of any
theoretical and practical
theoretical and practical
as a result of the study
scientific
deals with them
that is verified through
practice
it is used
as a principle
that regulates knowledge
educational
is the result
of philosophic and scientific
that is it is a way
way of organizing student
understanding that permits
them to achieve
not only the knowledge
we can say
that method
could be a road
a maner a way
or any means
that helps any person
in order to accomplish
a particular objective
that has been
set up ahead of time
comes from
two Latin roots:
LOGY
METHODUS
means
a method that
use a
a procedure
to reach a purpose
whereas
the syllabus describes
the content of a
course of instruction
in language teaching
refers to the procedures
refers to the procedures
will be used to teach
the content of the syllabus
in language teaching
is concerned With
is concerned With
developing invalidating
exercise and teaching
activities
is a group of
techniques used by teachers
in order to teach
the content of any
language course
to non-native students
suppositions
researches
two aspects:
Theories of the nature of language
become the foundation
for establishing
the teaching objectives
Theories of the nature of language learning
they give fundamental
reasons for choosing
specific teaching
procedures to achieve
these theories can be
these theories can be
Structural
Functional
Interactional
has been considered
as the theoretical
foundation for all
of the language
teaching approaches
and methods
sort of connection
that there is between
that there is between
theories of language
learning
specific language
teaching program
Richards Jack
four elements
The content of instruction "Syllabus"
selection of the subject
matter to be taught
in any language
teaching program
Learner roles in the system
role that students play
in the teaching/learning process
Teacher roles in the system
teachers play in the
teaching/learning process
instructional materials types and functions
role that instructional materials
play in the teaching/learning process
This element emphasizes
the role that some
techniques play
during the development
of the
teaching/learning process
Richards Jack
three aspects
The types of teaching and learning techniques
talks about
the kind of technique
that the teacher is going
to use in class
The types of exercise and practice activity
refers to
the sort of drills
the sort of drills
that the teacher
that the teacher
The resources
deals with additional
elements that are
needed for achieving
such drills and rehearsals
These elements are
Time
Space
Equipment
Language
Establish communication
There are relationships between people.
It is made up of sounds
The language depends on each culture
Sign system
They may be
Sound
Graphics
Bodily
Signal system
Allows to transmit messages
It is an innate capacity of the human being
Transformation in the sociocultural environment
Learning
Acquisition
Is made up of two elements
Intake
Fluency
It occurs through the environment where it develops.
Is composed of two elements
Rules of thumb
Learn the rules
Improve performance
Structure of the target languaje
It depends on the student
To learn a new language
It is the conscious process that takes place within the human being
Through intensive repetition
Teaching
It is a systematic process
Teachers use to facilitate the student in any type of learning.
Is guiding, facilitating, helping and acquire
Language development
Linked to the child's brain maturity and the socio-family context
It has been explained throughout history from different theories or perspectives
Behavioristic Theory
Skinner (1957)
The behavior once reinforced will continue after a reinforcement or reward.
Children copy all sounds in all languages.
Parents reinforce with attention or approval
Generative Theory
Chomsky
Explain the universal structural properties of language
The Nativist Theory
Humans are born with some knowledge of language.
Humans have an innate ability to acquire language.
The Congnitive Approach
Jean Piaget
Learning based on the concept of "action", from experience
Children are restructuring knowledge and skills
Actively interacting with the world around you.
No one knows exactly how babies acquire their first language
All human beings
Have the ability to understand, listen, speak, read and write their first language.
The Classical Behaviorist Theory
Pavlov
Emotions were also learned through conditioned association.
Learn a second language
It is the result of a sum of study habits
Differences between human beings
It was due to different experiences that each one lived.
The Neo behaviorism Theory
Skinner
He studied human behavior
Human learning is due to operant behavior.
Type of behavior that a person performs in their own environment.
Designed a special Language Teaching program.
Scheduled instruction
It is a special system that was organized starting from the simple teaching of facts and ending with the difficult ones.
The Cognitive Learning Theory
David Ausubel
Meaningful learning
It is made up of signs, symbols, ideas and notions about language.
Significant learning
Is a process that relates new information to the cognitive domain.
Builds a single meaningful system that becomes the foundation of knowledge.
Rote learning
Is a process by which a person obtains some isolated facts
They have nothing to do with the cognitive domain that a person already has in his brain.
Clarify what learning is achieved through a meaningful procedure
The Humanistic Psychology Theory
Carl Rogers
Client Centered Therapy
Personality and environmental traits play a primary role.
Investigate the behavior of human beings.
Way of learning
Explains that his theory deals with human learning rather than with the teaching of humans.
Learning is human-based
the Method
is not considered
as a tool to reach
any aim
it is used
to explain
the relationship that
exists among
approach
design
procedure