Universal Ancestor

r

DNA as genetic storage

Bacteria

Bacteria

r

Presence of Peptidoglycan in cell wallsEster bonds in cell membrane

Archea/Eukarya

r

Presence of histones

Archaea

r

Ether bonds in cell membrane

Eukarya

r

Presence of membrane bound organellesPresence of membrane bound nucleusester bonds in cell membrane

Excavata

r

Feeding GrooveSecondary Plastid

SAR Clade

r

primary plastid

Rhizaria

r

Filose pseudopodia

Alveolata/Stramenopila

r

Secondary Plastid

Alveolata

r

Membranous vesicle on cell membrane

Stramenopila

r

Tripartile flagellar hair

Archaeplastida

r

Secondary PlastidDiffusion through osmosis

Plants/Ancestral Green Algae

r

Sporic Life cycleEmbryoDessication Resistant SporesApical MeristemsGametangiaSporangia

Extinct Ancestor

Extinct Ancestor

Extinct Ancestor

r

LigninXylem/PhloemDominant Sporophyte GenerationThick waxy CuticleStomata

Extinct Ancestor

r

Leaves

Ancestor of Gymnosperm/Angiosperm

r

Pollen SeedHeterosporywoodOvules

Gymnosperm

Subtopic

Angiosperm

r

FruitFlowersEndospermOvaries

Subtopic

Monilophytes

r

Megaphylls

Lychophytes

Hornworts

Mosses

Liverworts

Charophytes

r

Zygotic life cycle

Unikonta

r

Primary Plastid

Amebozoa

r

movement with pseudopodia (Lobes)

Opisthokonta

r

single posterior flagellum on swimming cells

Ancestor of fungi/Animals

r

MulticellularAbsorptive Heterotrophs

Fungi

r

Cell wallsZygotic life cycle

Animals

r

MobilityComplex organ SystemGametic life cycle

Eumetazoa

Bilateria

r

Bilateral SymmetryTripoblastycephalization

Protostomia

r

Spiral/Determinate CleavageBlastopore becomes mouthCephalization

Ecdysozoa

r

Ecdysis

Anthopoda

Ancestor

crustacea

r

Compound Eyes

hexapoda

r

Thorax with wings

chelicerata

r

Have Jaw/VenomCuticle made of Chitin

Nematoda

Lophotrochozoa

r

Trochophore larvaeLophotrochozoa

Mullusca/Annelida

Mollusca

Ancestor

Ancestor

cephalopoda

r

Predators that use tentacles

gastropoda

r

Muscular Foot

Bivalva

r

Two Shells

Annelida

Platyheiminthes

Ancestor

cestoda

r

Hooked Suckers

trematoda

r

Unsegemented Body

Free living Rhabditophorans

r

Lamellested Rhabdites

Deuterostomia

r

Radial/Indeterminate CleavageBlastopore becomes anus

Echinodermata

r

Water Vascular System

Ancestor

ophiuroidea

r

hairy Appearance spines on arms/cental disk

asteroidea

r

Freely Mobiletube feet for locomotion

Ancestor

Echinoidea

r

Have a Globoid shape without any arms are feature of sea urchins

holothuroidea

r

Lack of armsSingle gonadsedimentery feeders

Chordata

r

NotochordHollow Dorsal nerve cordPharyngeal SlitsPost-anal tail

Ancestor

cephalochordata

r

Elongated body

urochordata

r

Larva is free swimming

vertebrata

r

Vertabral columnCranium

Ancestor

r

JawsBony Skeleton

Ancestor

r

Lung/Lung Derivatives

Ancestor

Ancestor

r

Limbs with digits

Ancestor

Ancestor

r

Amniotic egg

Mammalia

r

HairMilk

Reptilia

Amphibia

Lungfishes

Coelocanths

Ray finned fishes

Chondrichthyes

Agnathans

Cnidaria

r

Radial SymmetryDiploblasty

Ancestor

r

Medusa and polypMobile

hydrozoa

r

Small MedusaLow amount of mesogleaLess tentaclesColonial Stage

scyphozoa

r

Large MedusaCells present in MesogleaMore TentaclesMore ComplexLarge Amounts of mesoglea

anthozoa

r

PolypsSessile

Porifera

r

No SymmetryNo Tissue

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