PRESENT PERFECT - Mind Map

PRESENT PERFECT

Actions started in the past and continuing in the present
They haven't lived here for years.

When the time period referred to has not finished
I have worked hard this week.

Actions completed in the very recent past (+just)
Have you just finished work?
I have just eaten.

STRUCTURE: IAUXILIAR: I-YOU-WE-THEY: HAVE. SHE-HE-IT: HAS

ADVERBS

Since + momento concreto de tiempo
I haven't studied since Tuesday.No he estudiado desde el marte

Ever:
Significa "alguna vez". Se usa en oraciones interrogativas y se coloca delante del past participle.
Have you ever studied English

Already :Significa "ya". Se utiliza en las oraciones afirmativas y en algunas interrogativas.

Just:Significa "acabar de". Se coloca entre "to have" y el past participle. I have just studied the lesson.

For + período de tiempo
I have studied for three days.He estudiado durante tres días.

PARTICIPLE VERBS

REGULAR: ED EX: STUDY-STUDIES: SHE HAS STUDIED TOO MUCH. PLAY-PLAYED: THEY HAVE PLAYED FOR 3 HOURS. WASH-WASHED: SHE HAS WASHED THE CLOTHES . LIVE-LIVED: HE HAS LIVED HERE SINCE 2000. ETC. WATHC-WATCHED. LOVE-LOVED.

IRREGULAR; CHANGED. EX: BE-BEEN. TAKE-TAKEN: SHE HAS TAKEN HER CLASS. DRINK-DRUNK: THEY HAVE DRUNK TOO MUCH.

NEGATIVE SENTENCES:S+AUX.NOT+VERB PARTI.+C: THEY HAVE NOT PLAYED SOCCER SINCE 2019.

QUESTIONS:AUX+S+VP+C?: HAVE YOU EVER STUDIED ENGLISH?

AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES: S+AUX.+V.P+C. EX: SHE HAS EATEN ENOUGHT.

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