Production carried out with machines
Affects population size
Changes nature of economy
Urbanization
Education is outside bounds of family
Freedom to compete for social position
Western Countries
Less than 1% work in agriculture
23% work in manufacturing
Strong emphasis on science and education
Technological Advances
Hunting & Gathering
Move around constantly to look for food
No permanent villages
Statuses within the group are relatively equal
Mechanical Solidarity
When people share the same values and perform the same tasks, they become united in a common whole
Gemeinschaft
Community
Pastoral
Rely on domesticated herd animals
Nomadic life
Support larger populations
Reliable food supply
Division of Labor
Gesellschaft
Society
Barter
Exchange of goods or services
Horticultural
Slash and Burn method for crops
Human labor and simple tools
Rotate garden plots
Permanent villages
Villages range from 30-2,000 people
Organic Solidarity
Impersonal social relationships that arise with job specialization
Agrarian (Agriculture)
Animals pull plows
Transport systems
Hereditary Monarchy
Irrigation
Subsisitence Stratgey
Surplus