MODALS OF OBLIGATION AND PROHIBITION - Mind Map

MODALS OF OBLIGATION AND PROHIBITION

Can' is most often used to ask for or give permission but 'may' and 'could' are also possible even though they are not used as often as 'can'.

Obligation:'Have to' and 'must' are both used to express obligation. There is a slight difference in the way that they are both used.
'Have to' shows that the obligation comes from someone else, not the speaker. This is usually referring to a rule or law.
We have to be at the airport at least two hours before the flight.

I have to work on Saturday.

They have to wear their uniforms at school.

'Must' shows us that the obligation comes from the speaker.

I must hand in my thesis by tomorrow.

I really must call my parents.

INTERROGATIVE

HAVE TO - HAS TO

NEGATIVE

HAVE TO - HAS TO

You don't have to smooke in doors

Subtopic

Prohibition:'Can't' and 'mustn't' (must not) are used to show that something is prohibited (not allowed)
You can't go into that restaurant without a tie.
You can't drive in this country unless you are over eighteen.

You mustn't use your phone in class.

'Can't' usually gives the idea of something that is against the rules. Mustn’t usually means that it is the speaker who is setting the rule.

AFFIRMATIVE

HAVE TO - HAS TO

I have to wear a uiniform.

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