A Cookie is a small piece of data stored on the user's computer by the web browser while browsing a website.
When you see a publicy or "spam" in the web inside, you don't have to pay attention!!! You must close and clean the cookie.
Cover your camara, don't give your personal data on non-safe web, be careful on downloading non-safe things, etc.
HTTPS and HTTP are used for secure communication over a
computer network, and is widely used on the Internet. HTTPS has a communication protocol encrypted.
This is the most worry. It is a fraudulent attempt obtain some information about you, such as Password, usernames, etc.