There are also minerals in your bones and teeth, and your body contains
small amounts of carbohydrate.
nutrients
The nutrients in food have three roles.
They provide materials for growth and repair, energy to keep your cells alive, and vital elements
and compounds to maintain the
chemical reactions in your cells.
Your body needs the types of nutrients shown in the diagram
Water accounts for 60% of your body mass. The rest is mostly protein and fat
water and mineral
Water accounts for 60% of your body mass. The rest is mostly protein and fat.
There are also minerals in your bones and teeth, and your body contains
They provide materials for growth and repair, energy to keep your cells alive
Fact = Eating the right food can keep you healthy and energetic.
They all contain a nutrient called starch. Starch is a carbohydrate. Most fruits and
vegetables are full of carbohydrates
a nutrient called starch. Starch is
a carbohydrate. Most fruits and
vegetables are full of carbohydrates
Cereals such as wheat and rice, beans, potatoes, and bananas are packed with energy and easy to grow.
sugar and Carbohydrates
Ripe fruits taste sweet. They contain
sugars such as glucose. These are
carbohydrates too.
Simple sugars such as glucose don’t need to be digested – they pass straight from your small intestine into your blood unchanged.
Protein
meat protein
Meat is muscle so it contains a lot of protein.
Protein is also found in fish, eggs, nuts,
beans, and foods made from milk.
It shows you some key nutrients that impact your health
cell
Cells use substance from food
to build the proteins they need
Other proteins organise
the chemical reactions in your cells. Your
genes include recipes for making thousands
of different proteins.
Proteins are more complicated than starch. They are made from 20 different components called
amino acids.
Fat
Fats are an important source of energy, like carbohydrates. They are also used for building cells.
The membrane of every cell is made of fat
Nerves use extra fat as insulation. Fat cells (page 44) protect vital organs such as your heart, and reduce heat loss from your skin. They can also expand to store excess food for later.
there is two types of molecule glycerol and fatty acids. Each glycerol molecule is joined to three fatty acids. There are many different fatty acids and they determine the properties and energy content of each type of fat.
