Formalize Objective
Determine what the goals
Submit objective to higehr management
to review and approval
After been aprroval proceed
Period Of Time
Achieved goal in period of time
Minimum of Problems
Planners try to anticipate major
problems in advance
Efficient and effective way
Coordinate organizational activities
Understanding current situation
Organization desires to achieve
Guiding and controlling operations
Operational Plans
Standing Plans
recur frequently/activities
performed repeatedly.
management avoids the need to
“reinvent the wheel”
recurring situations are
handled consistently
best in situations that are
stable and there is little change.
Inc Policies,Procedures and Rules
Policies
state the boundaries of the decision and/or what
must be considered in the decision.
state the boundaries of the decision and/or what
must be considered in the decision.
Procedures
explicit instructions on how to complete a
recurring task
sequences of
actions to be followed in order to achieve an objective.
Rules
what should or not should be done
provide detailed and
specific regulations for action
Single use Plan
Program
outline the major steps and specific actions
Project
direct the efforts of individuals or work groups
toward the achievement of specific, well defined goals.
Budgets
the funds allocated to operate a department
serve as a mechanism for controlling the financial
aspects of implementing the plan
Strategic Planning
Develop the mission
Purpose or reason for the organization exist
three primary aspects of
the organization
target markets (Who)
primary products and services (what)
services to satisfy the customers in
the target markets (how)
Analyze the environment
Evaluate external and internal factors that can affect
management plan and decision
The situation ANALYSIS consist 3 parts
company’s industry and competitor
company’s particular situation
company’s competitive advantage
Set objectives
Goals
general targets to be accomplished
Objectives
state what is to be accomplished in
specific and measurable terms by a certain target
date
Subtopic
Develop strategies
Compare current strategy against current
information
Formulate new strategic if needed
such as new product development,
new market development etc
Implement and control the strategies
ensure the organization’s mission and
objectives are achieved
Why do?
Provide Direction
Give direction to managers
and non managers
The employee contibute
work to achive the goal
Reduces the impact of changes
Reduces Uncertainty by forcing
the managers to look ahead
Impact of change
Develop appropriate responses
Minimize Waste and Redundancy
Reduces overlapping and
wastefull activities
Set the Standards to Facilitate Control
Establishes goals or standards
Without planning they would be no way
to control.
Identify the goals or objective to be achieved
Formulates strategies
Arranges or create the means required
Implements, Direct and Monitors all steps
Criticsm of Planning
Planning may create rigidity.
Plans cannot be developed for dynamic environments.
Formal plans cannot replace intuition and creativity.
Planning focuses managers’ attention on today’s competition not tomorrow’s survival.
Formal planning reinforces today’s success, which may lead to tomorrow’s failure
Effective Planning in Dynamic Environments
Develop plans that are specific but flexible.
Understand that planning is an ongoing process.
Change plans when conditions warrant.
Flatten the organizational hierarchy to foster the development of planning skills at all organizationa levell