Water Stress in Zayandeh Roud river basin
Increasing water demand
Poor farming 
practices
Inefficient 
irrigation methods
unfulfilled
subsidies & Promises
Political 
mismanagement
cultivation of 
water-intense crops
Subsidies (for
profitable crops)
Increase of 
Industrialisation
High water use
 per-capita
Increasing
urbanisation
Pursuit of 
economic development/ 
Higher standard of living
Rural to Urban
 migration
Abandonment 
of farms
Low water price
Political 
Mismanagement
lack of education
about water use
Low water
reuse
Inefficient
sewage system
Decreasing water suppply
Higher Pollution
of water
Extensive use 
of fertilisers
Poor soil
Physical Conditions
increase of
Sinking level 
of groundwater
More Boreholes
Lower 
Surfacewater
Increasing 
temperature
Climate change?!
Decreasing 
precipitation
