Cancer
Cancer
most common forms
Men
Lung cancer
Cancer death
162,000
Prostate cancer
Most common
Women
Lung cancer
Cancer death
Breast Cancer
Most common
Difference between
Benign
Cells
similar
surrounding
Enclosed in a membrane
Prevent penetration
Dangerous if
interfere body function
Malignant
Invade
blood vessels
lymphatic system
nerves
Spread
blood
lymphatic circulation
Metastasis
Cells dont stick
Break and pass
lining of lymph
blood
Form
New colonies
Metastasizing
travel and seeding
metastases
sec. tumors
Caution
Change in bowel or bladder holds
A sore that does not heal
Unusual bleeding or discharge
Thickening or lump in the breasts or elsewhere
Indigestion or difficulty in swallowing
Obvious change in a wart or mole
Nagging cough or hoarseness
Causes of cancer
Mutagens
Mutations caused by environment
Mutagen causes cancer
Carcinogen
Cells converting to cancer cells
Oncogenes
Control cell growth
Tumor suppresor genes
Detect and diagnose cancer
Caution
self monitoring
Check family history
Routine cancer check ups
Screening tests
Diagnosing and Treating Cancer
Diagnose
Biopsy
Type
Magnetic resonance imaging
Detect tumors
vibration
Computed Tomography
X-ray
Ultrasonagrophy
tumors
Treat
Surgery
Chemotherapy
Chemical substances
Radiation
Ionizing radiation
Types
Carcinomas
Begin in skin
Sarcoma
Tissues
Lymphomas
Lymph system
Types
Breast Cancer
Cancer Society
Mammography after 40
White/black
More white breast cancer, Black women suffer more agressive breast cancer
15% breast cancer had family history
Detection and Risk factors
Early onset menstruation
Late onset of menopause
No children or after 30
Hormone replacement therapy
obesity
alcohol use
Detection
Mammography
Clinical breast exam
Breast self-exams
Treatment
Lumpectomy
Radiation
Chemotherapy
Mastectomy
Leukemia
Blood forming tissues
Bone marrow
Columna vertebral
Lymph nodes
Nodulos ninfaticos
Spleen
Bazon
Cervical cancer
STD
Infection of the
HPV
Human papillomavirus
Warts
Multiple couples
Pap tests
Screen
Changes in cervical cells
Ovarian cancer
More deaths than
Cervical
Ovarian
Cannot be detected
late in development diagnosed
Risk factors
Increasing age
Never been pregnant
family history
obesity
specific genetic mutations
Prostate cancer
Prostate gland located at the base of the bladder
75% cases over 65
Screening
Inherited genetic predisposition 5-10 %
men with family history
African americans
Warning signs
Changes in urinary frequency
Weak or interrupted urine flow
painful urination
blood
Detection
Digital rectal examination
prostate-specific antigen blood test
PSA
High increase signals trouble
Skin cancer
Most common highly curable cancer
Carcinomas
most serious type
Melanoma
Risk factors
Excessive exposure to UV
UVA
UVB
Sunburns
Low-level of sun reactions
Having moles
Spending time at high altitudes
family history
Caucasians 20 times more
Basal cells and squamous
90 %
Face
Neck
hands
arms
Melanoma
Most common cancer in women 25-29
Back
Chest
Abdomen
Lower legs
ABCD
A-asymmetry
B-border irregularity
C-color variation
D-diameter larger than 1/4 inch