Qualitative Research - Mind Map

Qualitative Research

Definition

John Creswell (1994)

Inquiry process of understanding that is based on distinct methodological traditions of inquiry to explore a problem.

Social

Human

In this inquiry process a qualitative research

Builds a picture

Complex

Holistic

Analyses words

Reports detailed views of informants.

Conducts the study in a natural setting.

Sharan B. Merriam (2009)

States that “Qualitative researchers are interested in understanding the meaning people have constructed.

Dr. Leslie Curry (2015)

Qualitative research is a strategy to:

Collect

Organise

Interpret information

To generate insights into phenomena that are difficult to measure quantitatively.

Characteristics

According to Bogdan & Biklen, 2007.

Naturalistic

Is defined as a no experimental approach in which subjects are studied in their natural settings.

They are observed by the researcher:

Overt observation

Covert observation

There is no manipulation of the environment.

Descriptive

The data collected take the form of words or pictures rather than numbers.

Transcrips of:

Interview

Photographs

Field notes

Videos

Personal documents

Other official records

All the datails must be considered.

Sandelowski (2000)

Noted that researches present comprehensive narratives of phenomena or events based on open-ended questions.

In-depth narrative descriptions were used in educational research.

Concern with process

Qualitative research focuses on process rather than outcomes.

The three main methods of data collection, involve more active participation by participants.

Focus group

In-depth interviews

Participant observation

Qualitative strategies suggest the participant expectations are translated into daily activities, procedures and interactions.

Inductive

That theories or concepts are built on the base of gathering data.

This approach uses a bottom-up direction to:

Understand situations

Focus on behaviours

Construct theories

Reach conclusions

Bogdan and Biklen (2007)

The qualitative researcher “constructs a picture that takes shape as he/she collects and examines the parts”.

Meaning

The key element is to capture perspectives as precise as possible.

Ethical considerations

Participants have a vital role and as explained.

So the treatment of participants becomes an ethical issue to be considered.

Codes of ethics have to be set by researches in order to protect participants and support ethical approaches to fieldwork.

Basic ethical considerations:

Avoid research sites where participants may feel coerced to participate in the research.

Honour the participants’ privacy.

Consider difference in participants’ time commitment.

Protect participants’ identities to avoid embarrassment or harm.

Treat participants with respect and seek their cooperation in the research.

Negotiate with the participants the terms of the agreement to do a study.

Tell the truth when writing up and reporting the findings.

Ethical principles can make researchers achieve the goals of a research as well as respect the participants’ rights

Amarilis Aracely Yautibug Paz

Pacientes

60% Niñas

20% Menores de 24 meses

0.60 x 0.20 = 0.12

80 % Mayores de 24 meses

0.60 x 0.80 = 0.48

40% Niños

35% Menores de 24 meses

0.40 x 0.35 = 0.14

65 % Mayores de 24 meses

0.40 x 0.65 = 0.26

Suma = 1

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