1: BEHAVIOURISM LEARNING AS A HABIT FORMATION Just as the Audiolingual Method this stage is based on habit formation meaning being and getting familiar to the language and the reinforcement of a stimmulus response sequence. FREQUENT REPETITION AND CORRECTIONS ARE AN ESSENTIAL PART OF THE PROCESS.
2: MENTALISM "THINKING AS A RULE GOVERNED ACTIVITY" Once the behaviourist principles startes lacking of results and more specifically started to become in front of a player. Noah Chomsky who was one of the firsts to come up with a different idea stated that "THINKING MUST BE RULE ATTENTION" and do not focus to a individual stimmulus reaction rather it should focus on a more general one.
3. COGNITIVE CODE "LEARNERS AS THNIKING BEINGS" Instead of seeing the Ss as a receptor of information that must be guided, the 3rd stage which ia the congnitive view looked at the ss as a crucial and active part of the process and acting as a problem solver
4. THE AFFECTIVE FACTOR Inside this whole process, affection and the emotions needed to be a part of it, and how you can make sure to involve the emotions in a positive way to increase in a good way the Ss development? THROUGH MOTIVATIONc
5. LEARNING AND ACQUISITION Even though they are not the same, both of these terms and concepts play a huge part inside the developmental process and both of them should and must come up a central pieces for an ESP course in order for it to achieve both of them.