Water Stress in Zayandeh Roud river basin
Decreasing water suppply
Lower 
Surfacewater
Decreasing 
precipitation
Increasing 
temperature
Climate change?!
Sinking level 
of groundwater
More Boreholes
Higher Pollution
of water
increase of
Extensive use 
of fertilisers
Poor soil
Physical Conditions
Increasing water demand
Low water
reuse
Inefficient
sewage system
High water use
 per-capita
lack of education
about water use
Low water price
Political 
Mismanagement
Increasing
urbanisation
Rural to Urban
 migration
Abandonment 
of farms
Pursuit of 
economic development/ 
Higher standard of living
Increase of 
Industrialisation
Poor farming 
practices
cultivation of 
water-intense crops
Subsidies (for
profitable crops)
Inefficient 
irrigation methods
unfulfilled
subsidies & Promises
Political 
mismanagement