Genotype and Phenotype

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Gene expression in the Three-Spined Stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) of Marine and Freshwater Ecotypes

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GENE EXPRESSION

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Genotype and Phenotype

Important Definitions

Recessive: A segment of DNA information that is used to make chromosomes gene that can be masked by a dominant gene

Dominant: A segment of DNA information that is used to make chromosomes that is expressed in the phenotype over a recessive allele

Gene: A unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring

Allele: One of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome

Main topic

Identifying the Phenotype of an Individual Given the Genotype

Carriers have the dominant/recessive genotype for a given gene, so they only show the phenotype caused by the dominant version of that gene

Differences between Genotype and Phenotype

The phenotype is influenced by the genotype

Phenotype determined by both genetic make-up and environmental influences

The phenotype of an organism is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism

Phenotype is the physical expression, or characteristics, of that trait

Genotype is the set of genes that it carries

The genotype is the set of genes in our DNA which is responsible for a particular trait