Bowlby & Evolutionary Theories on Attachment

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DANIEL DEFOE (1660-1

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Bowlby & Evolutionary Theories on Attachment

Critical Period

A certain time in the infants childhood where strong bonds are much more likely to take place

Seperation Stress/Anxiety

Discomfort is shown when the infant is:

Carer ignores the infant

Taken away from the carer

Secure Base

Often shown when the infant checks to see if caregiver is still within close proximity when exploring nearby area's

The caregiver has a proximity where the infant is safe to explore the surrounding area

Safe Haven

Returning back to the caregiver if faced with:

Danger

Stress

Fear

Proximity Maintenance

Infants (and adults) will keep close to people who they are attached to

Imprinting

Infants will try to engage socailly with the caregiver to ensure a tight bond is made

Infants are naturally inclined to help caregivers in everyday scenario's

Instinct

Infants are given a set of behaviours that are designed to call the mother to its side:

Laughter

Mimicking

Crying

The Internal Working Model

Also effects future attachments and effects how the infant or adult will react in socail situations

Tells the infant if it can rely on its caregiver to give it support in times of stress etc

A set of expectations developed by the infant's attachment to its caregiver

Schema

Childs schema of caregiver:

Gives Protection

Gives Shelter

Gives Affection

Gives Food

Packets of information contained in the memory

Monotropy

Proven to be utter shite

Based on care given

Child develops a heirarchy of caregivers with one primary

Interaction Between Caregiver and Infant

Infants will not form bonds through stress or pain releif, a carer has to be consistant to win attachment

Needed for survival

Without interaction attachment is not ensured

Adaptive attachment

Ensures species survival

Infant attaches itself to caregiver for resources

Socail Releasers

Designed to get caregiver's attention

Behavior such as smiling, crying etc