Fluid Mechanics

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Classification of Matter

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HISTORY OF TRANSLATION

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Fluid Mechanics

Examples of fluids

Glycerine

blood

Water

Types of fluid

Newtonian fluids

It has constant viscosity, with zero shear rate at zero shear stress.

Non-Newtonian

It does not follow Newton's law of viscosity, i.e., constant viscosity independent of stress

Ideal plastic Fluid

A fluid having the value of shear stress more than the yield value

Real fluids

fluids which have viscosity, surface tension, shearing force, and compressibility

Incompressible

The fluid with constant density

Compressible

the fluids with variable density

Applications

Bernoulli’s Principle

Attraction between two parallel moving boats

Archimedes principle

Fish floating

floating of a big ship

Pascal’s Law

Hydraulic brakes

hydraulic lift

Properties

Specific Volume

units are m^3/kg

the ratio of the substance volume to mass

Pressure

the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed

Temperature

Units are kelvin and celsius

It is average kinetic energy of particles in an object

Specific weight

Units are N/m^3 and lb/ft^3

It is weight per unit Volume of a material

Density

Units are g/cm^3

It is defines as mass per unit.