STRESS

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THE SOUND PATTERS AND LANGUAGE

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LINGUISTICS: KEY TERMS

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Chapter 18 - Change Leadership

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Pronunciation: Phonetics, Phonology

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Types of accent

Secondary accents

Primary accent

Elements that produce prominence at syllable level

Stress

Pitch

Quantity

Quality

Compound Nouns

They generally have just one primary stress like simple words and their meaning is not always immediately obvious from their individual components.

Words which are made up of two or more free morphemes.

SUFFIXES

There are three different classes

Subtema

Those which move the stress up towards them

Those which attract the primary stress onto themselves

Those which do not affect the stress

PREFIXES

In general secondary stress with a long sound.

They do not affect the tonic stress of the words to which they are attached, but they may show strong stress themselves.

A) Wheter the word is simple or complex B) Grammar value C) Number of syllables D) Phonological structure

It is as important to work on unstressed as it is to work on stressed syllables. They are on equal terms.

In the case of two-syllable nouns and adjectives, the stress is on the first syllable.

In order to decide on stress placement it is necessary to consider the following:

All monopthones reduce toward the central schwa. Dipthongs loose their two vowal qualities and merge into one sound.

All vowels sound can undergo (suffer) greater or lesser degrees of reduction.

It gives prominence to some syllables, and in combination with intonation, avoids monotony.

It makes a distinction with the other syllables (weak vs. strong)

ROLE OF THE TEACHER

Stress Variables

Clarity and quality

Facial Clues

Pitch Variation

Length

Volume (loudness)

Two principal kinds of stress

Kinetic Stress (Last piece of information)

Static Stress

Is the special power energy that we put on syllables to make it more noticeable and make it stronger.