The U.S. and WWI

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CHAPTER 7 - SAFETY AND HEALTH AT WORK

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The U.S. and WWI

Workers & The Economy

"Minorities"

African Americans moved North for job opportunities

Women took over men's jobs while they were at war

NWLB

handled 1,200 cases, made 8hr work days, and promoted equal pay for women

created to stop strikes, as they could disrupt war efforts

Fuel Administration

introduced daylight savings time as a way of conserving

headed by Harry Garfield to make sure military got the fuel they needed

Food Administration

Food production increased, surplus food, put a ban on alcohal

Herbert Hoover headed this with the goal to conserve food for troops and Allies

War Industries Board

increased industrial production by 20%

created by Congress to ensure troops got supplies they need

Debt/Bonds

U.S. went into a debt of $25.5 billion

Liberty Bonds were created to help pay for war

The Military

Fighting

U.S. troops aided the French in stopping Germany

Women's roles

Worked as nurses, typists, radio operators, electricians, and telegraphers

French-speaking women controlled switchboards

Discrimination

Hispanics were brought to Georgia or New Mexico to better their english

Only a few African American regiments were trained, and they were trained seperately

Training

There was a shortage of supplies when training began

New soldiers were trained intensely everyday

Selective Service Act was passed

May 18,1917

Stated men between 21 and 30 were to be drafted into armed forces

Public Opinion

Shenck VS. U.S.

court ruled against him, saying there are limits to the amendment

He challenged the conviction as a violation of the first amendment

Charles Shenck of the American Socialist Party was convicted of violating the Espionage Act.

Sedition Act

1918, made it illegal for Americans to produce and disloyal language criticizing the gov., the flag, or the military

Espionage Act

1917, punishing people for aiding the enemy or refusing military duty

Anti-German

Dachshunds=liberty pups, hamburgers=liberty steaks, sauerkraut=liberty cabbage

schools stopped teaching German and stopped playing music composed by Germans

CPI

headed by George Creel, it was meant to encourage Americans to support the war

created by Wilson to produce nationwide propaganda