Bipolar Disorder

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Knowledge Construction

luonut Mohd Fuad Mohamed Yusof

ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS

luonut Marysabel GM

Small Bowel by Hetal vithalani

luonut hetal vithalani

Chlamydia

luonut Ali Laiba

Bipolar Disorder

Cultural Background

Inflation contributes to higher rates

Increased rates attributed to terrible social and economic pressures

Research proves there is little difference between races, regarding percentage of individuals diagnosed

Diagnosing the disorder

Using the DSM-IV-TR

How often do the episodes occur?

>1 time weekly, usually manic

Patient exibits the highs of mania

Patient exibits the lows of depression

Heredity Theory

X-chromosome studies

Genetic linkage studies have identified inheritance factors

Inherited predisposition , supported by Family predigree studies

Causes of the disorder

Brain Structure

Ionic Imbalances

Abnormal functioning of neurotransmitter

Symptoms of the disorder

Psychotic features: delusions, hallucinations, episodes of mania, severe depression

Physical functioning decreases

Behavioral functioning decreases

Cognitive function decreases

Motivational functiong decreases

Emotional functioning decreases