Physical Geography of Canada | Carte mentale Mindomo

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When did using factory farms become a widely used farming method, and what issues have occurred because of it (impacts on the environment and the animals etc.)?

par Adellina Sunseri

Habitats

par Stephanie Bague

ANIMAL SOUNDS 6°3/4

par laurence Gabrielle

Physical Environment Interactions Pt. 2

par Fernando De Francesca

Lake Superior

Lake Michigan

Lake Huron

Lake Erie

Lake Ontario

Innuitian Mountains

Appalachian Highlands

Hudson Bay & Arctic Lowlands

Great Lakes, St. Lawerence Lowlands

Canadian Shield

Western Cordillera

Interior Plains

Connection 20: Surprisingly, all of the Great Lakes are located on the landform region of the Great Lakes, St. Lawerence Lowlands as said in the name of the landform region. Because the Great Lakes, this landform region has an amazing source of water, such as the Niagara Falls. The great lakes were formed when the glaciers retreated they formed holes which were filled by the water of the Great Lakes long ago. All of these lakes are connected by the Great Lakes of Basin also located inside the Great Lakes, St. Lawerence Lowlands landform region, all of these lakes are connected together by the Great Lakes, St. Lawerence Lowlands. This landform region also provides water to a majority of the Canadian Citizens, and even supports the 3rd biggest economic system in the world. Out of all of the Great Lakes in Canada, Lake Superior located in the Great Lakes, St. Lawerence Lowlands has the cleanest lake out of all 5 of the lakes, and even the wildest of all of the lakes. To conclude, the Great lakes, St. Lawerence Lowlands is connected to the Great lakes and provides a huge water source to the world.

100th Meridian

International Date Line

Tropic of Capricorn

Tropic of Cancer

Timezones

Daylight Savings

Coordinates

Equator

Prime Meridian

Central Timezone

Newfoundland Time

Pacific Timezone

Atlantic Timezone

Eastern Standard Time

Mountain Timezone

Connection 19: Humans, unsurprisingly are responsible for much of the global warning that occurs on this earth. Humans created, cars, factories, and other buildings/objects that generate CO2 which builds up in our atmosphere, this creates massive amounts of "global warming", which causes many chain reaction things to occur such as coastal city flooding, and the melting of polar icecaps. The things that humans created would be the things destroying humans, for example because it is a hot day you would turn up the AC, now the fan that produces more CO2 into the atmosphere, what happens if thousands of people do that, it would also more CO2 to enter the atmosphere, and cause the warmth in the air that causes us to turn on the AC even hotter, and so the process repeats, and there is no permanent solution for this issue, because there will be people who will crank up the AC. Eventually, with the atmosphere is too warm the polar icecaps will melt, that water will cause massive coastal flooding, destroying cities and re-locating humans to a denser place where more CO2 is produced in a denser place. This is a repeating cycle with little to no solution, however it is preventable or atleast reducible for the foreseeable future. To conclude, humans and global warning are connected in many ways, these are just the some that they are.

Humans

Greenhouse Gases

Polar Icecaps Melting

Condensed Population (land)

Coastal Flooding

Mass Extinctions

Powerful & Frequent Storms

Types of Rocks

Earth Layers

The Seasons

Earth in Space

Environmental History

Earth’s Formation

Big Bang Theory

Science-based

Spirtual-based

Connection 18: The Seasons & Worms are highly connected, during the summer, spring, and fall times the worms crawl through the dirt because the dirt is less hard and easier to move throughout. During the winter, the worms are underground hibernating because the dirt is frozen and too hard to crawl through, thus the worms cannot do anything. However, because they are hiding inside the dirt underground, this makes one and another connected because they use one another at different times, while the dirt needs the worms to fertilize it during the summer, and the worms need the dirt for homes during the winter to hide from the cold. The worms are able to leave nutrients in the dirt even during their sleep while they shred, so even though the ice has frozen over the dirt, the worms are still able to fertilize the dirt. Because the worms need constant "wetness" in their system, the mucous keeps the worms wet and moist, the dirt plays a key role as it keeps the moist in and the cold out so the worms are able to live and survive until the summer months. To conclude, the dirt and worms are connected because they need one and another to live/survive in the wild.

Connection 17: Canadian Mooses are a vital part to the wildlife eco-system. They act as a food source for ravens, wolfs, bears and other wild creatures. Mooses also have a very important "job" to control aquatic and plant control to make sure that their population doesn't spiral out of control; mooses eat aquatic things/fishes, and plants by eatting these things the mooses keep the population under control. The moose is also able to fertilize the soil and vegetation by a tiny bit; however this is no where near compared as the worm fertilization in connection 16, they primarily fertilize the soil as they poop everywhere, but usually on soil. Mooses also provide meat to human beings to eat, if mooses were to go extinct humans would lose a source of meat. Mooses are usually located in deciduous forest areas where they keep the population, act as a food source, and fertilize the soil. Without the moose deciduous environments would be in huge trouble without things for wild animas to eat, wild animals would turn to beavers and other wild animals causing a whole chain breakdown in the wildlife eco-system. In conclusion, mooses play a vital part in deciduous regions, act as a population controller, and are sources of meat for humans. (hyperlinks go into more detail)

Connection 16: Beavers are structurally important to deciduous environments because deciduous environments are mainly full of trees; sometimes too many and too dense. Beavers are able to take down those trees and build little dams near ponds or streams of water. Not only are beavers helping to control the water circle by making sure not too much water gets through in dams, but they also clear out trees and allow new animals and plants to grow in where the trees that were used for dams. Beavers do not take all of the trees in a certain area but take a little from each place to build their dams, making sure that plants and animals are able to create their new homes in the places where the trees were originally at. This can allow a new animals who lived in grasslands or tundras to come into a deciduous environment to live, giving them new opportunities to live. This is especially good, as with dam control humans cannot always be there to control how much water comes and goes while the beavers are able to do so without any help from beavers whatsoever.

Connection 15: Soil & Vegetation requires worms in order to live, and fertilizer the grass and vegetation itself. Worms are important to vegetation and soil life because, when worms move they create room for new roots from plants to grow in, they bring in oxygen to deeper parts of grass and vegetation. They are are able to drain water to make sure the grass and vegetation do not die because of suffocation of their roots. Worms also breaks down organic material like leaves and fallen fruits/vegetables into things that the plants can use to eat and fertilizes the plants & vegetation even more. When worms eat, they leave behind castings which are vital for fresh & natural for plants, soil, and vegetation to be able to grow. In a nutshell, worms are like "free" farm help to keep the environment as well as the plants & vegetation. To conclude, soil and vegetation are not able to live without worms assistance in farming, and connects the two together. (hyperlink to go into detail)

Worms

Canadian Lynx

Canadian Geese

Canadian Moose

Polar Bear

Beavers

Connection 14: Grasslands & Deciduous regions have many things in common, they are almost even the same thing expect deciduous regions have much more trees is a denser area. Things such as the same animal and trees, because they are most commonly found near one another; where the grassland ends deciduous regions starts, and where a deciduous region ends, a grassland starts, etc. Surprisingly overtime, seeds from trees and other plants transfer to the other region and grow in that region because of how close they are the seeds and other animals can travel to and from each region, some even rely on the other region as their home, or their hunting grounds for their food. Because of this, many grasslands have deciduous trees and other bushes & scrubs, the hyperlink on the side explains more information about this. To conclude, grasslands and deciduous regions have many things similar to one another from the landscape, to the plants there along with the animals, it is very similar to one and another.

Connection 13: The Water Cycle is a very important cycle when it comes to watering the soil and creating organic matter. When the water evaporates, into the air and moves into a cloud that cloud moves to another part of the region where after having enough evaporated water inside, it will rain on the part of the region. With this water, the soil will suck up the water and use it to make the soil more rich and rich with organic matter also doing the same, because dirt is made out of sand, clit and clay, it only needs organic matter and water as well as sunlight to be able to live. With the rain coming down when needed, the soil can thrive and have more minerals inside, intend making more nutritious food. Air circulation also provides a key element to the soil to be able to be rich, because the soil also needs air to live, same with the animals that live in the soil and die that make the soil more rich so when food is planted inside soil, the food will be rich with nutrients. In conclusion, without the water cycle the soil would not be able to live, with the water cycle the soil thrives.

Condensation

Connection 9: The Cenozoic Era and the Mesozoic Era have many things in common. Both Era's started after a massive extinction of the other era, a K Class Extinction, for the Cenozoic Era it was after an ice era occurred and wiped out most species because everything was frozen over and animals as well as plants couldn't survive without proper food and shelter. Near similar happened to the Mesozoic era, when a huge meteor impacted the earth, wiping out 80% of all life, a K Class Extinction level. Compared to the 90% death rate for animals in Cenozoic Era, the Cenozoic Era was smaller in terms of percent but had a bigger impact on the earth, causing damage that was irreversible even now. To conclude, the Cenozoic Era and the Mesozoic Era had many things similar to trees, and how both Era's concluded by a K Class Extincition.

Connection 12: The Rock Cycle is responsible for recycling igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks, the rock cycle is also responsible moving minerals around the world while it moves and reforms landforms. Most if not all rocks have minerals found inside of them because of the heat and pressure by the earth's crust, mutilpe atoms and elements combine together to create different types of minerals. These minerals can vary and range from each type of area but the main common ones are: feldspars, quartz, amphiboles, micas, olivine, garnet, calcite, and pyroxenes. Minerals that can be found in rocks are eventually deposited into dirt, where when the plants grow inside the dirt all of the minerals go into the plant. From there all of the minerals inside the plant are placed into the foods that the plant produced, and we end up eating the fruit full of minerals and other healthy things. In conclusion, the rock cycle and minerals are connected by the rocks in the soil depositing the minerals inside the rocks into the soil, and the minerals will eventually end up in our bodies.

Waterspout

Landspout

Hail

Vegtation

Condensation

Transpiration

Evaporation

Relief/Orographic Precipitation

Cyclonic

Convectional

Soil

Tundra Regions

Grassland Regions

Coniferous

Deciduous Regions

Air Circulation

Water/Moisture

Minerals

Organic Matter

Connection 11: Alpine Glaciers are formed when the precipitation that falls on the mountain is cold enough to instantly form a sheet of ice. As more and more sheets are formed, it eventually turns into an Alpine Glacier, this can cause the Glacier to move because of the motion of the Glacier base. Glaciers often freeze over rocks and other rocks, and transport them to random places on the glacier. When the Glacier eventually melts, the rock that is frozen over is deposited, this often forms moraines at the side and the end of the glaciers. An example of this can be the Malaspina Glacier in Antarctica which shows many moraine ridges. There is a hyperlink on the side of this connection that can provide a more in-depth explanation of what I was saying above with images to help understand my connection more. However, to conclude Alpine Glaciers and the rock cycle are connected because of the glacier freezing over rocks and creating moraine ridges when the ice is melted.

Connection 10: Relief Precipitation is formed when air is forced to cool and it rises over physical features such as mountains, hills, buildings, etc. Elevation effects relief precipitation by alot, especially in the mountain environments. As air parcels rise on mountains on the windward the air parcels cools and it begins to rain because of the elevation of the relief precipitation. However when the air parcels are on the ground and there is no elevation it will not rain because there is no windward side of a hill/mountain, so elevation majorly effects relief precipitation. Usually when the relief precipitation rises, the elevation will rise along with it, so the higher it goes the more rain that will come down because of the air parcels rising on the windward side of the mountain/hill. The highest rain amount is usually 1,600 mm on the west coast near the mountains, so this proves that elevation does effect relief precipitation.

Connection 8: Convergent Plates occur when two tectonic plates collide with one and another. This causes sedimentary rocks to be pushed into the mantle, where the sedimentary rocks eventually turn into becoming crust because of the pressure from both tectonic plates. The deeper the crust goes the hotter it will become, this is known as subducted and can cause earthquakes. This will also form volcanic isles, such as the Aleutian volcanoes arcs. Now, back onto the crust being pushed in deeper and deeper, eventually the crust will melt and rise to the surface of the ocean/near land and will cause a volcanic eruption, however this process may take a while. The crust that melts and reaches the surfaces become Igneous rocks, and will repeat the same rock cycle until the rocks are decay or are brought to another volcanic isle by natural means to repeat this cycle.

Connection 7: During Palaeozoic Era because of the newly formed oceans, and the constant tectonic activity hydrothermal eruptions happened in large sizes. The Precambrian Era was the oldest era but also had the most active tectonic plates, the Palaeozoic Era was right after the Precambrian era, and because of the amount of water the Precambrian Era evaporated all of the water massive rainfalls created oceans, with still constant Tectonic activity Hydrothermal Eruptions happened. During this era, underwater volcanos and sea vents also formed and began having smaller hydrothermal eruptions, this was all mainly based on Tectonic plates because there were not many humans to effect the environment severely enough to cause any eruptions. Ocean Currents also began to form during this era because of the amount of rain coming down from the clouds, with each ocean current being warm or cold depending on where it is located in the world. At the very end, there were mutilpe hydrothermal eruptions and new oceans, and ocean currents being created in this era.

Connection 6: During the Precambrian Era Volcanic Earthquakes and eruptions were common because of the Tectonic Plates moving causing massive volcanos to erupt during this era. During this period there was alot of Tectonic movements because the earth was newly formed and began spitting into sub continents, they were also collapse earthquakes causing landforms to spilt apart and creating islands. Because of these rapid earthquakes happening new continents were formed which we know today as, Europe, Asia, North America, South America, Africa, Antarctic, and Australia. During this period near the end of it, the first every living beings and plant life was created beginning the human race, however there was still plenty of volcanic and tectonic activity. During the end of the era, when all of the tectonic activity begin to slow down, more and more life was able to adapt to the "new world", and though the eras more and more life appeared.

Connection 5: Human Activity causes some plate tectonics to begin to start moving, such as underground mining. Since there is a whole in the earth, plate tectonics will begin to move around the hole creating a landslide. There is also a chance for human activity to create earthquakes which cause building to collapse and plate tectonics to reform even more. This is because of Human Activity which can even effect the weather & climate of a region, human activity can cause landslides, earthquakes, and even sometimes tornado and other natural disasters. Human Activity & Climate/Weather play a major role inside Plate Tectonics and how they move and form new rocks. Thus, this is why Human Activity, Climate & Weather and Plate Tectonics have a connection between one & another.

Human Activity

Near Water

Wind

Elevation

Relief Precipitation

Latitude

Ocean Current(s)

Continental Glaciers

Alpine Glaciers

Connection 4: When Phreatic Volcanos erupt they produce fresh magma which comes out of the top of the volcano splashing everywhere. When the magma settles down. It begins the rock cycle starting from the point of the magma and eventually melting back into the volcano. This is close to phreatomagmatic eruptions where water and magma come into contact and creates a reaction. However, when the volcano erupts, no fresh magma will reach the surface, instead it can be found underground flowing and eventually following the rock cycle again. Both eruptions have a similar eruption cycle, and follows the same rock cycle after erupting.

Phreatomagmatic Eruptions

Phreatic Eruptions

Hydrothermal Eruptions

Connection 3: Around 80% of earthquakes that occur when Convergent Plates collide with one & another creating earthquakes. There are 2 main forms that make up this 80%, convergent boundaries where two plates are pushed together to create an earthquake. The second form is called convergent boundary, with a similar name but this creates an earthquake by having two tectonic plates meeting head on with neither being stronger then another they will both crumble and form an earthquake. Both of these forms are similar to one & another but each have a different effect with one of them crumbling both tectonic plates and the other one having one plate go above another to create and earthquake.

Sedimentary Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Metamorphic Rocks

Explosion Earthquakes

Tectonic Earthquakes

Collapse Earthquakes

Volcanic Earthquakes

Connection 2: When sedimentary rocks begin folding it is because of the Tectonics plates beginning to fold the rocks. When the tectonics plates begin to start moving it "distorts" the look of the rock and makes the rocks pattern in a "U" shape or an upside down "U" shape. Sedimentary rocks are just the one types of rocks that can be subject to these types of plate tectonics, any type of rock in the rock cycle can be subject to plate tectonics with the same process happening to them as sedimentary rocks. All plate tectonics have something similar to this, with each of them having similar patterns but each having a different shape. However, all of these shapes and plates follow the rock cycle in terms of creating new rocks and how each of them are formed.

Folding & Faulting (Normal, Reverse, Strike-flip)

Transform Plates

Divergent Plates

Convergent Plates

Connection 1: During the Precambrian era the rock cycle was extremely active. Magma was shooting out of volcanos and rapidly cooling turning into Igneous rocks, while more rocks are produced, old Igneous rocks begin to turn into sediments and Metamorphic rocks under the pressure and heat of the new rocks. From all new sediments rocks that were formed began moving to places such as beaches, while Igneous and Metamorphic rocks turned into obsidian overtime, and melted into magma again to repeat the cycle during the Precambrian Era. There were plenty of volcanos during this whole era. From there, all of the water was evaporated out of the Precambrian Era and was in the clouds waiting for all of the heat and the cycle of the magma to cooldown, so the water cycle of the rock cycle could begin.