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Plus de détails

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What are the types of erosion-deposition systems?

Glaciers

Ocean Waves

Sediments reach beach by:

Streams (running water)

- Most important agent of surface erosion - Water always flows downhill to lower elevations due to gravity - solid & rock carried with it

river system = a river & all of its tributaries

drainage basin/watershed = all the land that drains into the river either directly or through its tributes - largest in U.S. --> Mississippi River System

Divide = high point separating drainage basins - Ex: Continental Divide (Rocky Mountain) is major divide in U.S.

"Load" = minerals transported down-stream transported 3 ways: 1. Solution (dissolved) 2. Suspension (floating) 3. bed load (along bottom) roll slide bounce

2 Measurements Used to Describe Ability to Erode Materials: 1. Complete maximum size of particles stream can carry 2. Capacity total amount of sediment stream can carry

Factors That Affect the Complete & Capacity of a Stream? 1. Velocity directly related to competence 2. Discharge directly related to capacity

Velocity = distance water travels in a given amount of time - affected by amount of energy a stream has due to: 1. gradient (slope/steepness) 2. discharge (amt of water) 3. channel (path) size (width & depth) shape of the path (straight, curved) - faster velocity = larger particles carried (greater competence)

**See velocity Tree Map**

Wind

Picks up & transports small sediments ex: sand, silt, clay

Factors affected by: - velocity -faster winds (can carry larger sediments. Increase the rate of erosion) - location - arid (dry) climates along coastlines

Sediments: - pitted - scratched - frosted exhibit ventifaction - (wind-warn flat surfaces are sorted

Features: - sand dunes - gentle slope faces direction wind comes from

Mass Movement

Downhill transportation of sediments caused directly by gravity

Examples: - slow-moving - creeps - slump - fast moving - mud flows - earth-flows - land slides -rock falls

factors affected by: - slope - amount of water in soil - bedrock composition & structure