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Scientific Thinking and Critical Thinking

par heba amr

Scienctific Thinking

par Doaa El Sayed

Zn SCi method

par Ibrahim Ghanem

Naturalistic observa

par zakareya salem

Scientific Thinking & The Scientific Method

Research methods

Naturalistic observation

It is carried over a prolonged period in natural setting

the researcher very carefully observes and records some behavior or phenomenon

Case study

It involves an in-depth descriptive record kept by an outside observer

This method is also a nonexperimental, descriptive type of study

Survey

interviews or questionnaires

The survey, another type of non experimental, descriptive study

Correlation

mathematical technique for summarizing data

Correlation is classified as a nonexperimental, descriptive method

Experimentation

All tests are carried under controlled conditions

The variable that cannotbe manipulated is called dependent variable

The variable manipulated is called independent variable

The researcher changes a variable to see if the other variable will change

Skepticism

Constant questioning of one's beliefs and conclusions

Rationalism

To deny one's emotions and face reality

Logical reasoning by scientists and critical thinkers

Empiricism

Prefered kind of evidence to all other kinds

Only evidence to be used to sound vital conclusions by scientists and critical thinkers

Evidence that is succeptible to one's senses and can be experienced by other people

A Method of aquring reliable knowlege about Nature

Critical thinking

Applying the scientific method in everyday life