microbial interactions by shalihin

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ENVIRONMENTALPROBLEMS

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Microbial interactions

interactions between two populations leads to feedback in the larger biotic community

different organisms within population or community which try to acquire the same sources

competitive exclusion principle

if two populations overlap too much in terms of their resourse use, then other is excluded

waste products of one microorganism serves as substrates for another

one microorganism modifies the environmentsuited for others

nitrification, common nonpathogenic strain and succession of microorganisms in an environment

releaese specific compound that harm others

antibiotics, bacteriocins, antibacterial peptides and acidic fermentation products

one organisms benefits from host

human diseases, parasitic fungi and an algae as well as biocontrol use

predator engulfs and attact prey

fungi that traps nermatodes

prey provides protective environmentfor the prey and predators mineralize organia matter

vampirococcus causes lysis of prey

Subtopic

mutually beneficial relationship that is not obligatory

quorum sensing

communicate as they form associations with plants and animals

3-chlorobenzoate

three different microorganisms

obligatory associations that provides benefit to both partners

metabolize cellulose to smaller molecules

by ruminants

bacteria provides vitamin to insects wheras insect provide habitat to bacteria

methane based mutualism

to support nutritional needs

methane -vent musels and sponges

tube worm binds hydrogen sulphide to hemoglobin and transport to bacteria

hydrothermal vent communities

anoxic, have high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide and temperatures of 350 degree celcius

to synthesize reduced organic material that supplied to the worm

zooxanthellae

energy needs and protect algae from uv

algae protect fungi from excess light as well as provide mineral, water and firm substratum

can obtain nutrients from alga by hyphal projections and respiration

lichen

secrete cellulases which metabolize cellulose used by insects

guts of insects

Protozoan-termite relationship

intermittent, cyclic or permanent

various ways such as

microorganisms lives both on the inside and the outside organisms

microorganim found within other organism

microorganism remains outside other organisms