Epistemological bases

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Quantum Physics

Le Thuanにより

Research Design(by John W. Creswell)

Nahomi Cutsにより

VARIABLES

Naila Misにより

Conceptions of Curriculum, Philosophical Foundations, and Curricular Designs

Lauren Waiteにより

Epistemological bases

Epistemological Perspectives

Dialectical Materialism

Concrete social context

Changing reality

Contextual knowledge production

Pragmatism

Value and fact connection

Experimental practice

Union of knowledge and reality

Structuralism

Independent existence of real objects

Separation of knowledge and theory

Logical Positivism

Reproductive action research

Controlled variables

Hypothesis testing

Empiricism

Different realities not scientific

One reality, one true knowledge

Direct observation

Action Research Considerations

Multiple epistemological perspectives

Knowledge and reality relationship analysis

Action Research

Dynamic process

Reality modification

Knowledge production