Organigram

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Universal Ancestor -DNA present -Ester bonds

Archaea -Ether Bonds

Eukarya -Nucleus -Organelles

Unikonta

Amebozoa -Pseudopodia that extend like tubes or flat lobes

Opisthokonta -Multicellular -absorptive heterotroph

Fungi -zygotic life cycle -cell wall

Animalia CA -mobility -complex organ systems -gametic life cycle

Eumetazoa -diploblasty tissue

Bilateria -bilateral symmetry -embryonic cleavage -blastopore development

Dueterostomia -triploblasty tissue -radial and indeterminate cleavage -blastopore develops into anus

Chordata -Notochord -Hollow dorsal nerve chord -Pharyngeal slits -Post anal tail -ectotherms

Vertebrates -Cranium -Vertebral column

Gnathostomes -jaws -mineralized skeleton

Chondrichthyes

Osteichthyans -Lungs/ lung derivative

Actinopterygii Ray-finned Fishes

CA -Lobe-fin

Actinistia

Dipnoi -lung fishes

Tetrapods -4 limbs with digits

Amphibia

Amniotes -amniotic egg

Reptilia

Birds -endotherm

Mammalia -Milk -endotherm -hair

Cyclostomes (Agnathans)

Myxini (hagfish)

Petromyzontida (lampreys)

urochordata -hollow nerve cord

Cephalochordata -hollow nerve cord

Echinodermata - water vascular system

Asteroidea - flat body

ophiuroidea -pentaradial

echinoidea -tube feet

holothuroidea -tube feet

Protostomia -Spiral and determinate cleavage -blastopore develops into mouth - cephalization

Lophotrochozoa -triploblasty tissue -Presence of trochophore larvae or lophophore

Platyhelminths

Rhabditophorans

Trematodes -parasitic

Cestoda -parasitic

Catenulida

Mollusca

Gastropoda -muscular foot used for locomotion

cephalopoda - foot develops into tentacles

Bivalvia -two shells

Polyplacophora - eight overlapping plates

Annelida

Ecdysozoa -Ecdysis

Arthropoda

Hexapoda - three body segments

Crustacea - hard exoskeleton

Myriapods -many pairs of legs

chelicerates -two body segments, six legs

Nematoda

Aceola

Cnidaria -radial symmetry

Anthozoa -slimy basal disc

Medusozoa

Hydrozoa -chitin exoskeleton

Scyphozoa -diplobalstic

ctenophora

Porifera -no symmetry

Primary Plastids

Archaeaplastids -primary plastids

Rhodophytes

CA -chlorophyll a and b

Chlorophytes

CA -ring shaped cellulose

Charophytes

Plantae -sporic life cycle -embryo -desiccation resistant -apical mersitems

Liverworts

Mosses

Hornworts

CA Seedless Vascular - Seedless vascular -presence of lignin - xylem/phloem -true leaves -sporophyte dominant gen. -stomata -thick waxy cuticle

Lycophytes -lycophylls

Monilophytes -Megaphylls

CA Seed plants -pollen -seeds -wood -heterospory -ovules

Gymnosperms

Angiosperms -ovaries -fruit -flowers -endosperm

SAR common ancestor -Secondary Plastids

Rhizaria -Filose pseudopodia -No Plastids

foraminiferas

radiolarians

Aveolata -Membranous vesicles on cell membrane - Tertiary plastids

Stramenopila -Tripartite flagellar hair

Giant Kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera)

Diatoms

Excavata -Feeding groove -Secondary Plastid

Bacteria -Peptidoglycan cell wall