Creativity - Margaret Boden

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Creativity - Margaret Boden

7. Mystery of creativity

Creativity requires expertise through understanding a series of technical practices.

It is misleading to refer to creativity as a capacity

Human Creativity

Dependent on the human brain

Not Just suprising but ofen umnpredictable

Computers and "AI"

Are not irrelevent to us understanding creativity

Computers are implemented rather than embodied

Claim: " If the source ofg creativity is superhuman/divine, or if it springs inexplicably from some special hman geneius, computers must be utterly irrelevant."

Computers can appear to be creative

Computers can only do what the programmer enables it to do

Computers cannot be creative because they can only do what they are programmed to do by us

Computers help us to see how people are creative

Mystery

If a puzzle is an unanswered question a mystery is a question that can barely be asked let alone answered

Beyond Science

It is hard to phsychologically define creativity

8. The Story So Far

Obscessive ideas are sometimes so outlandish and disorganised as they are judged to be mad

The dividing line between madness and creativity is hard to define

Creativity requires no specific power but an element of intellegence in general

Uncoscious work triggered by a coscious thoughts

"Creativity is uncoscious work followed by conscious work"

It is calimed that creativity requires a hidden cobination of uncoscious ideas

4 Phases of creativity (Poincare)

Varification

Illumination

Incubation

Preparation

Creativity cannot be explained as a conscious process alone

Reports of creativity mention no imagery but a sudden apperance of a solution to the problem

Creative ideas often come at a time when the person appears to be thinking about something else, or nothing at all

The Bath, The Bed and the Bus

Summerises what creative people have told us about how they came by their ideas

9. Thinking the impossible

Computive ideas help us to specify generative principles clearly

H creativity is often understood in terms of extremely unusal as opposed to just unusual

Creativity as a personal quality is judged primarily in terms of p creativity

P creativity is crucual tofor asessing the creativity of individual human beings and their ability to produce ideas

H creativity can only be based on history known to us

Its not enough for the idea to be a novelty

To be creative it is not enough for an idea to be unusual - not even if its valuable

The concept of creativity is value-laden

Ideas must be illuminatin or challenging in some wayg

Some may say "statistically suprising"

Combination theroies identify creative ideas as those which involve unusual or suprising combinations

In the absence of magic or divine inspiration, the mind's creations must be produced by the mind's own recources

6. Values and Creativity

There are many intiguing relations between creativity and computers

Both Faliures and successe of computers help us to think about our creative powers

Computers cane come up with new ideas and help people to do so to.

It is difficult to recognise a novel idea

Not Just relevent to computers

5. Exploratory Combinations

Evolving ideas instead od designed ideas

AARON > Line Generator

Difference between parent and child image is difficult to see

Random changes in rules to create new structures/ideas

4. Computer Combinations

Example: JAPE computer programme

Made Punning Jokes

Combinational creativity requires:

An ability to form and evaluate links between ideas

A rich knowledge base

Putting two ideas alongside eachother

3. Machine Maps Of The Mind

A Conceptial approach to creativity gives us a way of coming up with scientific hypthesis about the rich subtlties of the human mind.

Artificial Inteligence - Conceptial spaces and ways of exploring and tranforming them

Enables ut to construct and test a hypthesis

2. Three Forms of Creativity

Novel Combinations

Use different ways of moving within the mind

Using store of knowledge

Sampling

Ideas "Make sense"

An intelligble pathway between ideas

Making an unfamiliar combination of familiar ideas

Transforming the space

C Programming

Thlought to be impossible

Tweaked or radically tranformed

"Rerouting the motorway"

Exploring conceptual spaces

Allows you to see the possiblilities that you havent seen before

Any disciplined way of thinking that is familiar to a certain social group

Normally from a persons culture/peer group

Ideas are already there

1. What is creativity?

Suprising - 3 Meanings

Feeling of astonisment when an "impossible" idea is encountered

An unexpected idea that fits in to the original style of thinking.

Unfamiliar/Unlikely

"New" has two meanings P&H

Historical Creativity

No-one has had the idea before

Psychological Creativity

New to the person that comes up with it

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"Creativity is the ability to come up woth ideas or artifacts that are new, suprising and valuable"

Human Creativity can often be viewed as a mystery