Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity

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Heat and Mass Transfer

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Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity

Cellular Conditions

Misplacement or redistribution can reduce activity by separating enzymes from their substrates.

Enzymes often operate in specific cell locations.

Genetic Factors

Changes in enzyme shape affect its ability to bind to substrates, decreasing activity.

Mutations in the DNA coding for the enzyme can alter its structure.

Concentration

Enzyme and substrate concentrations that determine the rate of reaction.

Physical Structure of the Enzyme

Effect

Structural changes may block substrate access, decreasing enzyme activity.

The presence of specific shapes and structures at the active site.

Regulatory Molecules

Inhibitors, activators, and cofactors that modify enzyme activity.

Enviromental Factors

Cause

Factors like temperature and pH, which impact enzyme structure and function.