Scientific Thinking and Critical Thinking

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11th Grade History Content Standards Framework

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Logic

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scientific thinking

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Inquiry Process

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Scientific Thinking and Critical Thinking

Scientific thinking is always practiced by scientists while critical thinking is sometimes used by humans

Definition

Scientific thinking is the use of scientific method to study or investigate nature/universe

Critical thinking is thinking correctly for oneself that successfully leads to the most reliable answers for problems

The Three Central Components

Skepticisim: Possessing a Skeptical Attitude

Skeptics have the ability to change their minds incase of new reliable evidence

Skeptics hold uncertain beliefs

the constant questoining of your beliefs and conclusions

Rationalism: The Practice of Logical Reasoning

It requires a struggle with a person's will

It is hard and not easily learned

It is a skill/discipline that must be learned within a formal educational environment

Empricisim: The Use of Empirical Evidence

It is also known as natural evidence

The common alternative is the authoritarian evidence

The only type used to make important decisions and reach sound conclusions

It is the evidence that others beside yourself can experience