EUKARYOTIC CELL

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Biological Molecules: Key Terms

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Biomolecules

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Organelles job

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Comparing

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ER communicates with golgi apparatus

vesicles move around by means of an extensive network or lattice of protein fibers

EUKARYOTIC CELL

microbodies and vacuole

microbodies

contain enzymes that participate in the preparatory or intermediate stages of biochemical reactions within the cell

vacuole

maintain turgor pressure

stores water, food, organic materials and enzymes

cytoskeleton

actin filament

protein fibers that play roles in cell division and shape

intermediate filament

protein fibers that provide stability of shape

microtubules

protein cylinder that moves organelle

Others

centriole

produce spindle fibre during cell division

short cylinder of microtubules

cilia

aid for movement

carry out cellular locomotion

flagella

push the cell forward

has rotating filaments that present in some bacteria

nucleus and ribosome

Ribosomes

Sites of protein synthesis

Found in all living cells

Complex molecular machines

chromatin

type of protein

diffuse threads containing DNA andptotein

nucleolus

produce subunits of ribosomes

nuclear envelope

double membrane with nuclear pore

enclosed the nucleus

nuclear pore

OUT : passage of ribosomal units out of nucleus

IN : permits passage of protein into nucleus

Energy-related organelle

chloroplast

producing sugar

carry out photosynthesis

mitochondrian

producing ATP energy

carry out cellular respiration

Endomembrane system

Golgi apparatus

processes , packages and secretes modified protein

membrane of ER

rough endoplasmic reticulum

studded with ribosomes

synthesize protein

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

synthesize lipid molecules

lacks of ribosome

vesicle

small membrane bound-sac that stores and transport subtances

transport vesicle

secretory vesicle