CC: Chronic Constipation x 5 years

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Eng4u reviews

af Jean-Paul Saliba

I am in a bad mood.

af Candice Iha

Potassium-sparing Diuretics

af Courtney Rockwood

Volume Regulation Pharmacology

af Nnedimma Ozoani

Increased Calcium and PO4

Serum PO4

Decreased

Alk Phosphate

Normal to high

Serum PTH

Elevated

Secondary hyperparathyroidism

Primary hyperparathyroidism

Low to normal, consider...

Granulomatous disease: sarcoidosis, TB

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN)

Metastatic tumors (hypercalcemia of malignancy)

CC: Chronic Constipation x 5 years

Imaging

Neck US

Possible parathyroid adenoma

DEXA scan

Low bone density

X-ray

EKG

Absent p waves

Short QT interval

Tall and peaked T waves

Colonoscopy

Management

+/- Biphosphonates

Laxatives prn

Calcitonin

Estrogen

Demographics

Female

48 y/o

Labs

Calcium: elevated

Recheck

11.2 mg/dL (elevated)

Renal function

TSH

Normal

FHx

Both parents with HTN

PMHx

Screen for depression

Tobacco use

HTN

Managed with Metoprolol