China 1900-76

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Subtopic

Civil War

Warlords 1916-1927

Why was there a revolution

•The emperor (Puyi) was very young and the Manchu dynasty was very unpopular and seen as a failure.

•Because China was already weak! (see reasons above)

•The army did not support the emperor.

•The harvest failed and there was a famine.

•Even the rich, who normally supported the emperor, were angry about high taxes.

1911-1916

Sun Yatsen and the three principles

•Dr Sun and the GMD stood for the Three Principles of the People.

oDemocracy (get rid of the Emperors and have a Parliament and President elected by the people instead)

oSocialism (give the peasants land)

oNationalism (stop foreigners interfering in China)

•The GMD was a political party started in 1905 by Dr. Sun Yatsen (its leader till 1925)

Problems with the Qing

•The emperors had resisted change and China had become backward, especially its technology, industry and armed forces.

•The great majority of Chinese people were very poor peasants.

•Foreign countries had begun to exploit China and its trade.