Nile Delta

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How to prevent water pollution

da Janasis Ong

To satisfy growing water demand

Increase Efficient Stormwater Use

Stormwater is rarely used in Egypt

Gets mixed with sewage water network

Infiltrates into ground

Detention Basin

Helps remove pollutants from water

Enhances water quality

Holding runoff for a short time before releasing it

Establishment of meteorological stations for measuring rainfall intensity ☄️

Aswan Dam

Urban Water Sustainability

Water conservation

Reducing water demand by using efficient:

Taps 🚰

Toilets 🚽

Showers 🚿

Urban Water System of Alexandria City

Life Cycle Assessment Method

Increasing Water Delivery

Installation of turn-outs & off takes

Replacement of old structures with new ones ✅♻️

Water Distribution

helps agriculture

Remodeling the canal cross-section (To store water)

Rehabilitation of water structures along canals to minimize water loss

Desalination Plants

Desalinate agricultural drainage

Used for modern irrigation & agriculture 🌾🌽

Not Expensive 🤑💰

Depend on (fossil) energy

Using evaporation & membrane & thermal techniques 🌤

Provide water for remote areas

Increasing fresh water supply 💦

Reuse of Wastewater

Treat Wastewater for further usage 💡

Sustainable

Potential Water Source

Classifying Drains

Discharge Drains

Reuse Drains

Prevents Water Pollution

To plant Forests in the Desert 🌿

Agricultural Drainage Canals

Recycled for irrigation

Climate Change ❄️

Affects land and People 👨👨👧👦

Air and Water Pollution

Affects Agriculture 🌾🌽

Reduces Tourism 👩🌾

Land Loss

South Delta

Very High risk

Land degradation due to urbanization 🏘

Middle Delta

Medium Risk

High water table & inflexible crop patterns 🌽🍎🥕

North Delta

Very High Risk

Land degradation due to soil salinity & increase in water table 🌊

Water Access

Water Scarcity

Water Sources

55.3 Share of Nile 💡

7.5 groundwater in Delta & Valley

5.2 Reuse of Agricultural Water 🌾💦

0.6 Desalination of Sea water 🌊

0.97 Rain &floods ☔️

1.3 Reuse of Sewage Water

🤦♀️

Water Quality

Bad water quality leads to health problems

Existence of Heavy Metals

Municipal Wastewater

Treatment Plants

30% Proposed

13% Constructed & Nonoperational

57% Operational

Population

World Share

Lowest 👪

Highest 👨👨👧👦

Density

Low

North Sinai

High

Cairo

Alexandia

Increasing

Nile Delta

Solutions: Social and Environmental 👍

Problems:Social/ Environmental 👎