によって Nermeen Ahmed 8年前.
469
5 Research Methods
5 Research Methods
(Nermeen)
Survey
Most favourite bird seed?
-Relies self-report method
-poor memory
-Question may misunderstood
-description not explanatory
-Assess attitudes variety subjects
-Collecting difficult to observe directly data
-not involve direct observation
-inferences behaviour by collecting data using
interviews/ questionnaires
Correlation
Marriage slows cancer deaths?
not prove causation
used when impractical/unethical
-non experimental
-Mathematical technique summarizes data
-Determines degree, direction 2 or more variables
-measures variables' behaviour
Case Study
What happens when person loses own age track
-descriptive not explanatory
-cause-effect conclusion can'y drawn
-not represent general population
get detailed contextual view particular phenomena
-Non experimental, descriptive type
-In depth descriptive record by outside observer
-record individual's experiences/ behaviours
Naturalistic Observation
Raptors Capable hunting packs?
-Behaviour described not explained
-take great time
Observe normal setting rather artificial/ limited
-observe behaviour/ phenomenon
-natural setting
experimental
Example
Effects Post-event Information memory
Limitations
-only used when practical,ethical
-not exactly reflect complex real world
Strengths
Detect cause-effect relationships
Definition
-Manipulationg independent variable
-see any changes dependent variable
