Physics of Earthquakes

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Causes

Physics of Earthquakes

Architecture/Prevention

Building Techniques

Reinforce the Building’s Structure

Moment-resisting frames

Diaphragms

Shear walls

Shield Buildings from Vibrations

Concrete rings

Counter Forces with Damping

Tuned dampers

Pendulum power

Vibrational Control Devices

Flexible Foundation

Base isolation

Earthquakes

Seismography

Energy Release and Momentum of Seismic Waves

Moment Movement Scale

Log scale (x10 shaking, x32 energy released)

Forces Involved (Planetary Scale Thermoconvection system)

“slab pull” gravity forces

More gravitational pull on denser/cooler mantle

“ridge push” gravity forces

Brittle Lithosphere cracking

High mass on a slope at a spreading ridge

Techtronic plates movement

Divergent/Convergent/Transform

Stress buildup from movement

Layers of the earth

Asthenosphere

Continental/Ocean crust

Lithosphere