Final Review Project

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INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGY

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Final Review Project

Cellular Respiration

A common electron acceptor is oxygen.

Nutrients commonly used by animal and plant cells in respiration include glucose, amino acids and fatty acids

The reactions involved in respiration are catabolic reactions that involve the oxidation of one molecule and the reduction of another.

The overall equation for cellular respiration is:

C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy

Definition: the set of metabolic processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

also known as "oxidative metabolism".

Adenosine Triphospate (atp) is a nucleotide derived from adenosine that occurs in muscle tissue; the major source of energy for chemical reactions.

Photosynthesis

Two Different Sets of Reactions

During Calvin Cycle Reactions, carbon dioxide is reduced by enzymes to a carbohydrate in the stroma.

During the Light Reactions, solar energy is captured by the pigments in thylakoid membranes.

The overall equation of photosynthesis:

CO2 + 2H2O -->(CH2O) + H2O + O2

Photosynthetic Organisms, such as land plants, algae, and cynobacteria, are called autotrophs.

Consumers depend on producers for food and surival.

Producers feed themselves

An autotroph (also known as a producer) is an organism that produces it's own food,

Definition: The process that converts carbon dioxide into organic compounds, especially sugars, using the energy from sunlight.