junior cert music

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INSTRUMENT FAMILIES

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Research

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junior cert music

elements of music

pitch

pitch means the sound of the music such as high and low

timbre

dynamics

pianississimo - fortississimo

dynamics refers to the volume of music

tempo

bpm = beats per minute

lento - presto

refers to the speed of the music

pulse

melody

rhythm

a collection of notes with different durations

expression

baraque period

fugue

ornamentation

1650 - 1750 ( 100 years )

brass instruments

tuba

largest brass instrument

trombone

no valves

trumpet

highest pitch

smallest brass instrument

french horn

has 3 valves

huge range

string instruments

harp

cisando

solo instrument

17 peddles

has 47 strings

double bass

widely used in jazz

biggest string instrument

lowest pitched strings

cello

harmonies / solos

2nd largest string instrument

viola

harmonies

2nd smallest strings

violin

1st violins play melody, 2nd violins play harmony

theres 1st and 2nd violins

pizzicato

played with a bow

has 4 strings

highest pitched strings

smallest string insturment

bars and barlines

intervals

tones - whole steps

semitones - half steps

time signature

tells you how many beats / values are in each bar

at the beginning of a piece

consists of 2 numbers one on top of the other

film music

non-diegetic - added into scene later on via editing

diegetic - its actually playing whilst filming

danny elfman

wrote scores for tim burton movies eg the corpse bride and alice in wonderland

michael giacchino

wrote scores for many disney movies such as ratatouille and inside out

hans zimmer

wrote scores for pirates of the caribeann and pearl harbour

john williams

wrote scores for indiana jones and jaws

pianist

born on february 8th 1932

earliest movies were in black and white and no soundtrack until the 1920s

percussion instruments

celesta

gong

tambourine

piano

gloekennspiel

kettle drums

tubular bells

xylophone

triangle

cymbals

woodwind instruments

bassoon

sax phone

cor anglais

oboe

double reed

clarinet

flute

played horizontally

made of metal

piccolo

higher pitch

smaller version of flute

note values

quaver = 1/2 beat

crotchet = 1 beat

minim = 2 beats

dotted minim = 3 beats

semibreve = 4 beats