Aortic Stenosis

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Aortic Stenosis

Causes + Risk factors

Age/male

Congenital

Rheumatic fever

Bicuspid valve

Signs

Systolic murmur

Low BP

Slow rising pulse

4th heart sound

Systolic thrill

Investigation

Angiogram

X-Ray

Echocardiography

Examination

Wiggers' diagram

Myocardial O2 consumption

Ischaemia

ECG

Left ventricular hypertrophy

Afterload

Stroke volume

Ejection fracture

should be >55%

Cardiac output

Aortic pressure

Ventricular pressure

Atrial pressure

Symptoms

Asymptomatic

Dyspnoea

Congestive heart failure

Syncope

Dizziness

Angina

Treatment

Balloon - valvuloplasty

Valve Replacement

Medication

Surgery