Maness-Macromolecules

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Biology 311C

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Maness-Macromolecules

Carbohydrates

Always in 1:2:1 ratio

sugars starches cellulose (cell wall) Glycogen

Quick energy, energy storage, structure

Monomer: Monosaccarides

Proteins

Insulin, hemoglobin, collagen

Muscles, fingernails, skin, hair, enzymes, hormones

Hormones(insulin), Movement(muscle), Immune System(protect against germs), Enzymes(help chemical reactions), Transport(carries substances throughout body)

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

Monomer: Amino Acids

Lipids

Non polar, hydrophobic, Long hydrocarbon chain

Fats, Oils phospholipids Steroids Waxes

Energy storage, cushions organs, insulates body

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Monomer: Triglycerides

Nucleic Acids

RNA: single nucleotide chain DNA: double nucleotide chain (double helix shape)

Store and transmit heredity information

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus

Monomer: Nucleotides